A&p Chs 11 & 12

Front 1

Motor structures

Back 1

Descending tracts
Corticospinal tract
Pyramidal tract
Electrical signal arises in the precentral gyrus of the frontal lobe
Most neurons decussate in the medulla oblongata
Extrapyramidal tracts
I'm wiggling my toes
I'm winking

Front 2

Sensory structures

Back 2

Carries information for touch, pressure, and pain
Ascending tracts
Carries info to the parietal lobe
Spinothalamic tract
I feel pain in my little finger
I'm cold
I'm hearing voices
Spinocerebellar

Front 3

Babinski reflex

Back 3

This reflex is elicited by stroking the sole of the foot; plantar flexion and curling of the toes are normal responses in an adult

Front 4

Achilles' tendon reflex

Back 4

A stretch reflex; tapping this tendon in the heel normally causes plantar flexion of the foot; also called the ankle jerk reflex

Front 5

Gag reflex

Back 5

This reflex involves the glossopharyngeal nerve and helps prevent food and water from going down the wrong way

Front 6

Baroreceptor reflex

Back 6

This reflex helps your body maintain a normal blood pressure

Front 7

Patellar tendon reflex

Back 7

This reflex helps you maintain a standing posture; also called the knee jerk reflex

Front 8

Withdrawal reflex

Back 8

A protective reflex; quickly moves your finger away from a hot object

Front 9

Pupillary reflex

Back 9

This reflex causes the pupils of the eyes to constrict (become smaller) in response to light

Front 10

Olfactory

Back 10

Sense of smell; anosmia

Front 11

Vestibulocochlear

Back 11

Senses hearing and balance; vertigo; ototoxicity; cranial nerve VIII

Front 12

Vagus

Back 12

The wanderer; widely distributed throughout the thoracic and abdominal cavities; cranial nerve X

Front 13

Accessory

Back 13

Allows you to shrug your shoulder

Front 14

Optic

Back 14

Cranial nerve II; carries sensory info from the eyes to the occipital lobe of the brain; damage to this nerve causes blindness

Front 15

Hypoglossal

Back 15

Helps control the movements of the tongue; cranial nerve XII

Front 16

Oculomotor

Back 16

Pros is of the lids; in addition to moving the eyeball, this nerve raises the eyelid and constricts the pupil of the eye; nerve that supplies most of the extrinsic eye muscles; primary function is the movement of the eyeballs; a dilated and fixed pupil is caused by pressure on this nerve

Front 17

Trigeminal

Back 17

Tic douloureux, a condition characterized by extreme facial and jaw pain, is caused by inflammation of this nerve

Front 18

Facial

Back 18

Can't smile, wrinkle forehead, secrete tears, or close eyes (on the affected side); inflammation of this nerve causes Bell's palsy, a paralysis of one side of the face

Front 19

Sciatic

Back 19

Must administer an intramuscular injection in the upper outer quadrant of the buttocks to avoid injuring this nerve; this large nerve leaves or emerges from the distal end of the spinal cord and supplies the buttocks and posterior thighs

Front 20

Axillary

Back 20

Crutch palsy is caused by damage to this nerve

Front 21

Radial

Back 21

Wristdrop is caused by damage to this nerve

Front 22

Common peroneal

Back 22

If damaged, causes footdrop

Front 23

Femoral

Back 23

Innervates the inner thigh area

Front 24

Cauda equina

Back 24

Group of nerves that emerge from the distal end of the spinal cord; horses tail

Front 25

Phrenic

Back 25

Severing of this nerve requires the use of a ventilator; nerve that supplies the diaphragm, an important breathing muscle

Front 26

Plexus

Back 26

Nerve groupings that are described as cervical, brachial, and lumbosacral nerves; spinal nerves are grouped and sorted here

Front 27

Is most descriptive of a descending tract

Back 27

Motor

Front 28

most likely to experience ototoxicity

Back 28

A person who took an antibiotic drug that injured CN VIII

Front 29

Pyramidal tract

Back 29

The major motor tract that originates in the precentral gyrus

Front 30

A student nurse is instructed to administer an IM injection in the upper outer quadrant of the buttocks to

Back 30

Avoid injury to the sciatic nerve

Front 31

A function of the spinal cord

Back 31

Acts as an important reflex center

Front 32

Least related to the others

Back 32

Spinothalamic tract

Front 33

The purpose of myelination

Back 33

Increase the speed of the nerve impulse

Front 34

Least descriptive of the vagus nerve

Back 34

Inflamed vagus nerve causes Bell's palsy

Front 35

A true statement

Back 35

The second cranial nerve is a sensory nerve

Front 36

Most descriptive of the cauda equina

Back 36

Spinal nerves that emerge from the tail end of the spinal cord

Front 37

Diagnostically, a needle is inserted between the third and fourth vertebrae into the subarachnoid space to

Back 37

Obtain a sample of cerebrospinal fluid

Front 38

Supply voluntary skeletal muscles, causing movement

Back 38

Somatic motor nerves

Front 39

A mixed nerve

Back 39

Contains both sensory and motor fibers

Front 40

Involuntary response to a stimulus is accomplished by these five structures--- receptor, sensory neuron, integrating center, motor neuron, effector organ

Back 40

Reflex arc

Front 41

The effector organ in the knee-jerk or patellar tendon reflex

Back 41

Quadriceps femoris muscle

Front 42

Nerve damage

Back 42

Crutch palsy, Wristdrop, footdrop, Bell's palsy

Front 43

Sensory nerves

Back 43

Olfactory,CN I, optic CN VIII

Front 44

Reflexes

Back 44

Baroreceptor, withdrawal, pupillary, gag

Front 45

Sympathetic effects

Back 45

Thoracolumbar
Paravertebral ganglia
Stressed out and uptight
Adrenergic
Vasomotor tone
Fight or flight

Front 46

Parasympathetic effects

Back 46

Feed and breed
Craniosacral outflow
Paradoxical fear "bradying down"

Front 47

is least description of the oculomotor nerve

Back 47

Carries sensory info from eyes to occipital lobe (vision)

Front 48

A consequence of damage to the glossopharyngeal nerve

Back 48

Loss of the gag reflex and aspiration of food or water into the lungs

Front 49

Phrenic nerve

Back 49

Innervates the major breathing muscle

Front 50

The first three cranial nerves

Back 50

Are the olfactory, optic, and oculomotor nerves

Front 51

Who likes to have the sole of his foot stroked

Back 51

Babinski

Front 52

Cranial nerves

Back 52

Olfactory, optic, oculomotor

Front 53

Plexuses

Back 53

Cervical, brachial, lumbosacral

Front 54

Spinal nerves

Back 54

Phrenic, axillary, sciatic

Front 55

States of paralysis

Back 55

Paraplegia, quadriplegia, hemiplegia

Front 56

The paravertebral ganglia are present in both the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) and sympathetic (SNS)

Back 56

False

Front 57

The preganglionic fibers of the PNS and SNS are cholinergic

Back 57

True

Front 58

The postganglionic fibers of the PNS and SNS are cholinergic

Back 58

False

Front 59

The postganglionic fibers of the PNS and SNS are adrenergic

Back 59

False

Front 60

The preganglionic fibers of the SNS exit the spinal cord at the thoracolumbar region

Back 60

True

Front 61

The transmitter for the postganglionic fibers of the SNS is norepinephrine (NE)

Back 61

True

Front 62

The transmitter for the postganglionic fibers of the PNS is acetylcholine (ACh)

Back 62

True

Front 63

The preganglionic and postganglionic fibers associated with the craniosacral outflow are cholinergic

Back 63

True

Front 64

The transmitter of the preganglionic fibers of both the PNS and SNS is ACh

Back 64

True

Front 65

Fibers colored green are cholinergic

Back 65

True

Front 66

Fibers colored red are adrenergic

Back 66

True

Front 67

All autonomic fibers are colored red

Back 67

False

Front 68

Preganglionic fibers of the parasympathetic nervous system are longer than the preganglionic fibers of the sympathetic nervous system

Back 68

True

Front 69

Drugs that block the effects of ACh affects both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system

Back 69

True

Front 70

Drugs that block the effects of NE affects both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems

Back 70

False