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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How are reaction rates determined?
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Determined by measuring the concentration of one or more of the chemicals involved in the reaction at different times during the reaction.
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What are catalysts?
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Substance that participates in a chemical reaction by speeding the rate of the reaction, but is not consumed in it.
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How will increasing concentration affect the reaction rate?
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The reaction rate will be increased.
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How does temperature affect the reaction rate?
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Increase: Increased reaction rate.
Decrease: Decreased reaction rate. |
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What are the units used for reaction rates?
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Rate are expressed in mol/L s
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What does the rate constant depend on?
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Rate constant depends on the order of the reaction.
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What does the order of reaction show?
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Order of reaction indicates the exponents in the rate law.
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What is the Arrhenius equation?
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k = Ae^(-Ea/RT) or ln k = (-Ea/RT) + ln A
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What is half-life?
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The time required for the rate to be half the initial rate when the concentration of a reactant is halved.
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How to write zero, first, and second rate laws.
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Zero order: Rate = k
First order: Rate =k[A] Second order: Rate = k[A]^2 or Rate = k[A][B]. |
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What is the collision theory?
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States that the reaction rate is equal to the frequency of effective collisions between reactants.
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What is the transition-state theory?
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States that as molecules get closer, their orbitals interact and distort each other.
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What are endothermic and exothermic reactions?
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An endothermic reaction has a positive delta H sign and an exothermic reaction is the opposite. The potential energy of products for endothermic reactions is greater than the energy of the reations. This is opposite for exothermic reactions.
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What is a reaction mechanism?
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All elementary reactions in a mechanism that add up to the overall balanced equation.
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What step determines the overall rate of the reaction?
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The slowest step, or rate-determining step, determines the overall rate of reaction.
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