A&p Chapter 3&4 Part 1

Front 1

Control center of the cell. It contains the cell's DNA

Back 1

Nucleus

Front 2

Site of most of the cell's ATP production

Back 2

mitochondrion

Front 3

site of protein synthesis

Back 3

ribosome

Front 4

contain enzymes that detoxify chemicals such as hydrogen peroxide

Back 4

peroxisome

Front 5

hairlike extensions from the plasma membrane that propel the cell (makes it move)

Back 5

cilia

Front 6

Single extensions from a cell that propels the cell itself

Back 6

flagella

Front 7

The only cell in the human body that has flagella

(in the cell naturally)

Back 7

flagella

Front 8

Area that contains cytosol and organelles

Back 8

cytoplasm

Front 9

contains digestive enzymes that break down different substances within the cell

(cell digestion)

Back 9

lysosome

Front 10

central area of the cell containing centrioles

Back 10

centrosome

Front 11

Rough Endoplasmic reticulum contains what other organelle

(Rough E.R)

Back 11

ribosome

Front 12

Series of membranes; modifies proteins made by the ribosomes

Back 12

rough ER

Front 13

site of liquid and cholesterol synthesis and metabolism; drug and toxin detoxification

Back 13

Smooth ER

Front 14

The movement of a solute from a area of high concentration to a low concentration

Back 14

Diffusion

Front 15

The movement of a solvent from a solution with lower solute concentration to a solution with a higher concentration through a selectively permeable membrane

(water follows the salt)

Back 15

osmosis

Front 16

continual process of growth and replication of cells

Back 16

cell cycle

Front 17

portion of the cell cycle during which growth is initiated and DNA is replicated

Back 17

interphase

Front 18

Portion of the cell cycle during which the cell divides its organelles, cytosol, and replicated DNA two identical daughter cells

Back 18

mitosis

Front 19

What attaches to the chromosomes and pull them to the opposite poles of the cell

Back 19

mitotic spindle and spindle fibers

Front 20

What factors influence the rate at which diffusion takes place?

Back 20

size of the particles

temperature

steepness of the concentration gradient (how much is there)_

Front 21

________ solutions have the same concentrations

Back 21

isotonic solutions

Front 22

A _______ solution has a higher concentration than the cytosol

Back 22

hypertonic

Front 23

A _____ solution has a lower concentration than the cytosol

Back 23

hypotonic

Front 24

the organelle in which amino acids are hooked together to make proteins

Back 24

ribosomes

Front 25

the organelle that makes lipids, breaks down drugs and other substances, and packages proteins for the Golgi complex

Back 25

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Front 26

The organelle that breaks down food molecules to make energy available (ATP)

Back 26

Mitochondria

Front 27

the organelle that processes and transports proteins and other materials out of the cell

Back 27

Golgi complex

Front 28

the organelle that stores water and other material

Back 28

Vacuole

Front 29

the organelle that digests food particles, wastes, cell parts, and foreign invaders

Back 29

lysosome

Front 30

Humans have ____ chromosomes

Back 30

46

Front 31

thread-like strands present when cells are NOT dividing

Back 31

chromatin

Front 32

The liquid that is inside the cell is called the ___________.

Back 32

cytosol

Front 33

Which of the following cells would most likely have the greatest number of mitochondria?

Back 33

Cardiac muscle

Front 34

What stage of mitosis do chromosomes become visible in the nucleus?

Back 34

Prophase

Front 35

What phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell?

Back 35

metaphase

Front 36

list the correct sequence of the cell cycle phases?

Back 36

G1 phase, S phase, G2 phase, mitosis, cytokinesis

Front 37

division of the cytoplasm

Back 37

Cytokinesis

Front 38

The structure that holds sister chromatids together is called the ________.

Back 38

centromere

Front 39

To which portion of the chromosome do the mitotic spindle microtubules attach during the highlighted phase of mitosis?

Back 39

centromere

Front 40

requires a membrane-bound carrier for transport?

Back 40

facilitated diffusion

Front 41

During which phase is DNA replicated?

Back 41

Interphase

Front 42

During which phase are the centrioles lined up in the middle?

Back 42

Metaphase

Front 43

During which phase are the two daughter cells produced?

Back 43

Telophase

Front 44

Centrioles and the Mitotic spindle (red lines that appear in mitosis) are made up of what?

Back 44

microtubles

Front 45

Bone is a type of _________ tissue

Back 45

connective

Front 46

Blood is a type of ________ tissue

Back 46

connective

Front 47

adipose is a type of ________ tissue

Back 47

connective

Front 48

cartilage is a type of ________ tissue

Back 48

connective

Front 49

Osmosis deals strictly with ______ and is one way you can tell it apart from diffusion

Back 49

water

Front 50

If you drink the organelle responsible for detoxifying that harmful substance is the

Back 50

peroxisomes