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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How does the nervous system help to maintain homeostasis?
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nerve impulses (action potentials) communicate with most body tissues
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What are the structures of the nervous system?
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brain, nerve, spinal cord, ganglia, enteric plexus, and sensory receptors
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What contains billions of neurons and 12 pairs of cranial nerves
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brain
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What is a bundle of axons and connective tissue that lies outside of the brain and spinal cord?
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nerve
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What connects to the brain and extends through the vertebral column and contains many neurons and spinal nerves?
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spinal cord
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What are small masses of nervous tissue containing primarly cell bodies of neurons that are located outside the brain and spinal cord?
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ganglia
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What are extensive networks of neurons located in the GI tract that regulate the digestive system?
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enteric plexuses
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What are the dendrites of sensory neurons or specialized cells that monitor changes in the internal or external environment?
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sensory receptors
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What is responsible for all behaviors, memories, and movements?
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nervous system
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What 2 cells make up the nervous system/tissue?
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neurons, neuroglia
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What are 3 functions of the nervous system in humans?
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sensory, integrative, motor
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Sensory
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sensory receptors detect internal and external stimuli
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Integrative
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integrates sensory information by analyzing and storing some and making decisions for the appropriate responses
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Motor
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involves responding to the integration decisions. Efferent neurons carry info from the brain tot he spinal cord into cranial and spinal nerves
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What are neurons that carry sensory info from cranial and spinal nerves into the brain and spinal cord?
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afferent neurons
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What are the cells and organs contacted by motor neurons in cranial and spinal nerves are termed what?
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effectors
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Effectors are usually what?
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muscle fibers or glands
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What does the CNS consist of?
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brain and spinal cord
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What is the PNS divided into?
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sensory system and motor system
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How is the nervous system organized?
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CNS and PNS
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What includes nerve cells that convey info from the receptors in the body to the CNS?
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sensory (afferent) system
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What consists of nerve cells that convey info from the CNS to muscles and glands?
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motor (efferent) system
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PNS is subdivided into what?
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somatic (voluntary), autonomic (involuntary), and enteric nervous systems
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What consists of afferent neurons that conduct impulses from receptors to the CNS and efferents neurons from the CNS to skeletal muscle?
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somatic (voluntary) nervous system
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What consists of afferent neurons that conduct impulses from receptors to the CNS and efferent neurons that convey impulses from the CNS to smooth muscle tissue, cardiac muscle tissue and glands
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autonomic (involuntary) nervous system
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The motor part of the autonomic nervous system consists of what?
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sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions
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What consists of neurons in enteric plexusus that extend the length of the GI tract
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enteric nervous system
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