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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The atomic number of an element is also equal to the number of ______.
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protons or neutrons
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Mass number of elements = ____ + ____
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Protons + Neutrons
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What are the 3 kinds of mixtures that matter exists in?
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1. solns
2. colloids 3. suspension |
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What is the difference between a Mixture and a Compoud?
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Mixture is physically intermixed and its chemical contents are not changed. Can be separated by physical means such as straining
Compounds, chemical contents are changed, can be reversed via chemical means only (breaking bonds) |
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Name the 3 major types of chemical bonds.
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Ionic, Covalent, and Hydrogen
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Ionic bonding = electron ____
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transfer
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nonpolar covalent bond = electron _____
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sharing equally
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What are the factors that influence chemical reactions?
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temp, concentration, particle size, and catalysts
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What are the 3 kinds of inorganic compunds?
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water, salts, acids and bases
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Why is water so vital to life?
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high heat capacity, high heat of vaporization, polar solvent properties, reactant in many chemical reactions, cushioning (i.e. body organs)
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What is the main function of carbohydrate?
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to provide ready, easily used source of cellular fuel
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What other solvents are lipids readily dissolved in?
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alcohol and ether
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What are the factors that influence chemical reactions?
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temp, concentration, particle size, and catalysts
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What are the 3 kinds of inorganic compunds?
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water, salts, acids and bases
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Why is water so vital to life?
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high heat capacity, high heat of vaporization, polar solvent properties, reactant in many chemical reactions, cushioning (i.e. body organs)
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What is the main function of carbohydrate?
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to provide ready, easily used source of cellular fuel
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What other solvents are lipids readily dissolved in?
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alcohol and ether
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What are the factors that influence chemical reactions?
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temp, concentration, particle size, and catalysts
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What are the 3 kinds of inorganic compunds?
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water, salts, acids and bases
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Why is water so vital to life?
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high heat capacity, high heat of vaporization, polar solvent properties, reactant in many chemical reactions, cushioning (i.e. body organs)
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What is the main function of carbohydrate?
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to provide ready, easily used source of cellular fuel
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What other solvents are lipids readily dissolved in?
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alcohol and ether
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What are lipids made of?
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C, H, O
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Examples of Monosaccharides.
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Glucose (hexose)
Galactose and Fructose (isomers of glucose) |
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Example of dissaccharide.
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lactose (glucose + galactose)
maltose (glucose + glucose) sucrose (glucose + fructose) |
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______ + _________ = sucrose
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glucose, fructose
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_________ + ________ = lactose
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glucose, galactose
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_________ + ________= maltose
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glucose, glucose
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glucose + _______ = sucrose
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fructose
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______ + galactose = lactose
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glucose
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_______ + glucose = maltose
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glucose
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Since disaccharides are too large to pass through cell membranes, they must be broken down and absorbed via process called ____.
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hydrolysis
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Examples of polysaccharides.
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starch and glycogen
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Strach is are carbs mainly formed ___
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plants
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Glycogen are carbs mainly formed in ___
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animal tissues
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What is the major function of carbs?
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to provide a ready and easy source of cell fuel
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Satured fats have ____ bonds
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single
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Unsaturated fats have one or more ____ covalent bonds
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double
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Trans fat have been solidified by ___ at ____ ____ bonds.
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H+, double carbon
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Most common typ eof secondary structure of a protein is called _____ helix
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alpha
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this protein shape resembles a slinky toy
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alpha helix
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this protein shaped resembles pleated sheet
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Beta pleated sheet
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the general function of a fibrous protein is:
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structural framework/mechanical support
movement |
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General function of globular protein are:
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catalysis
transport regulation of pH regulation of metabolism protein managment |
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What are the two parts of enzymes called?
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holoenzyme and apoenzyme (protein portion)
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