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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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articulations |
joints |
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articulation functions |
1. give skeleton mobility 2. hold skeleton together |
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articulation classifications |
1. functional 2. structural |
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functional classifications |
1. synarthroses 2. amphiarthroses 3. diarthroses |
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synarthroses |
immovable joints |
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amphiarthroses |
slightly movable joints |
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diarthroses |
freely movable joints |
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structural classification |
based on material binding bones together/presence or absence of joint cavity 3 classifications 1. fibrous 2. cartilaginous 3. synovial |
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fibrous joints |
bones joined by dense fibrous connective tissue no joint cavity most immovable 3 types 1. sutures 2. syndesmoses 3. gomphoses |
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sutures |
short connective tissue fibers |
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syndesmoses |
bones connected by ligaments movement varies |
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gomphoses |
teeth joints fibrous connection is the periodontal ligament |
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cartilaginous joints |
bones united by cartilage no joint cavity 2 types 1. synchondroses 2. symphyses |
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synchondroses |
bar/plate of hyaline cartilage unites bone |
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symphyses |
fibrocartilage unites bone |
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synovial joints |
bones separated by fluid filled joint cavity all are diarthrotic most joints of the body |
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four important functions of skeletal muscles |
1. bone movement 2. posture/body position 3. stabilize joints 4. generate heat |
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bursae |
sacs lined with synovial membrane |
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tendon sheaths |
elongated bursa wrapped around tendon subjected to friction |
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origin |
attachment to immovable bone |
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insertion |
attachment to movable bones |
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gliding |
one flat bone surface glides over another similar surface ex. wrist |
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flexion |
decreases the angle of the joint
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extension |
increases the angle of the joint
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abduction |
movement away from the midline
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adduction |
movement toward the midline
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circumduction |
limb describes cone in space
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rotation |
turning of bone around its long axis
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supination |
radius and ulna are parallel /palm forward
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pronation |
radius rotates over ulna/palm towards back |
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dorsiflexion |
lifting food upward
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plantar flexion |
push foot down
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inversion |
sole of foot moves inward
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eversion |
sole of foot faces outward
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4 characteristics of muscle tissue |
1. excitability 2. contractility 3. extensibility 4. elasticity |
