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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Tissues |
– Groups of cells similar in structure that perform common or related function |
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Four primary types of tissues |
–Epithelial tissue: covers –Connective tissue: support –Muscle tissue: movement –Nerve tissue: control |
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Epithelial Tissue (Epithelium) |
• Forms boundaries between our “inside” from our “outside |
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Two main types (by location) of epithelial tissue |
–Covering and lining epithelia • On external and internal surfaces –Glandular epithelia • Secretory tissue in glands |
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Epithelial Tissue Functions |
• Protection: skin surface • Absorption: lining GI tract • Filtration: lining urinary tract • Excretion: lining GI tract • Secretion: glands of the body • Sensory reception: skin |
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Five Characteristics of Epithelial Tissues |
• Polarity • Specialized contacts • Supported by connective tissues • Avascular, but innervated • Can regenerate |
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Apical surface of epithelial tissue |
(upper free) exposed to exterior or cavity |
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Basal surface of epithelial tissue |
(lower, attached) |
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Examples of microvilli in epithelial tissues |
- brush border of intestinal lining --increase surface area - present in MOST epithelial tissues |
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Example of cilia in epithelial tissue |
- lining of trachea - Some have cilia |
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What is and where is the Noncellular basal lamina? |
(adhesive sheet) –Glycoprotein and collagen fibers secreted by epithelial cells – Lies adjacent to basal surface |
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Functions of basal lamina? |
- Acts as selective filter allowing molecules to diffuse from connective tissue to epithelia tissue
–Scaffolding that epithelial cells can migrate to in wound repair |
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Characteristics of Epithelial Tissue |
2. Are composed of closely packed cells 3. Supported by a connective tissue reticular lamina (under the basal lamina) 4. Avascular, but innervated 5. High rate of regeneration IF adequate nutrients can replace cells by cell division |
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junction types in epithelial tissue |
tight junctions and desmosomes (lateral contacts) |
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Function and location of reticular lamina? |
-Supportive connective tissue -under the basal lamina |
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What does Avascular mean? |
no blood vessels |
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What does innervated mean? |
has nerves |
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simple tissue |
one layer (first name) |
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stratified tissue |
more than one layer (first name) |
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Types of cells |
What type of cell? middle name • Squamous (scale-like) • Cuboidal (box/cube-like) • Columnar (column-like) |
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Squamous |
(scale-like) |
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Cuboidal |
(box/cube-like) |
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Columnar |
(column-like) |
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Simple Epithelia Description, Function & Location |
• Absorption • Secretion • Filtration • Very thin –For Ex: simple squamous epithelium –Function where rapid diffusion is priority – i.e., kidney, lungs |
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Endothelium |
simple squamous epithelium • The lining of lymphatic vessels, blood vessels, and heart |
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Mesothelium |
simple squamous epithelium • The epithelium of serous membranes in the ventral body cavity |
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Simple cuboidal epithelium description: |
single layer of cubelike cells with large spherical central nuclei
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Simple columnar epithelium Description |
Single layer of tall cells with round to oval nuclei; some cells bear cilia; layer may contain mucus-secreting unicellular glands (goblet cells). |
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Simple columnar epithelium Function |
Absorption; secretion of mucus, enzymes, and other substances; ciliated type propels mucus (or reproductive cells) by ciliary action. |
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Simple cuboidal epithelium function |
absorption and secretion |
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Simple cuboidal epithelium location |
Kidney tubules; ducts and secretory portions of small glands; ovary surface. |
