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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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About 75% of the lipids are (cholesterol? glycolipids? phospholipids?).
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phospholipids
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Because phospholipids have polar and nonpolar parts, they are said to be ____________.
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Amphipathic
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The polar part of a phospholipid molecule faces toward the (interior? surface?) of the membrane.
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Surface
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The polar parts are hydro-(philic? phobic?), meaning water-(/oving? fearing?).
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philic, loving
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About 20% of membrane lipids are (cholesterol? glycolipids? phospholipids?).
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phospholipids
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Glycolipids make up about __% of membrane lipids, and appear only in the layer that faces (extracellular? Intracellular?) fluid.
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5, extracellular
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(Lipid? Protein?) exhibit variety in structure and functions within different types of membranes.
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Protein
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Which type of membrane protein extends all the way across the membrane so is likely to be amphipathic? (Integral? Peripheral?)
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integral
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Which type of proteins are present on surfaces of membranes? (Integral? Peripheral?)
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peripheral
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Some integral proteins serve as receptors for chemicals such as ______ or ______.
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Insulin or ligand
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Other membrane proteins known as ______ form catalysts for chemical reactions.
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Enzymes
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The fact that your body can accept only certain types of blood/transfusions is related to proteins called cell-identity ______.
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Markers
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proteins called _____ help cells adhere to each other.
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Peripheral
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Glycoproteins are proteins associated with (carbohydrates? lipids?).
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carbohydrates
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What forms glycocalyx?
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Carbohydrates of glycolipids and glycoproteins
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List two functions of glycocalyx
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destroys evading organisms and protects cells from being destroyed by enzymes
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Plasma membranes are (quite? not very?) permeable to nonpolar chemicals such as steroids, 02 and C02 because these molecules dissolve readily in the (protein? phospholipid?) portion of the membrane.
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quite, phospholipid
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Charged chemicals (such as Na+, K+, or Ca2+) and most polar chemicals pass through the (protein? phospholipid?) portions of the membrane.
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Protein
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Basic unit of life
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Cell
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The part of the cell that regulates what can enter or leave is the...
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Plasma Membrane
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Control center of the cell that contains the chromosomes and the nucleolus
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Nucleus
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Small body in the nucleus composed of RNA, DNA, and proteins; makes ribosomes
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Nucleolus
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Colloidal susension that holds organelles
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Cytoplasm
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Liquid portion of cytoplasm
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Cytosol
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Diffusion of water through semipermiable membrane
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Osmosis
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Same concentration as cell fluids; cells remain the same
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Isotonic solution
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Lower concentration than cell fluids; cell swells
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Hypotonic solution
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Higher concentration than cell fluids; cell shrinks
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Hypertonic solution
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Programmed cell death
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Apoptosis
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Necrosis
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- a pathological cell death that results from tissue injury of many adjacent cells, and usually it stimulates an immune response
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gene
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Necrosis
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- a pathological cell death that results from tissue injury of many adjacent cells, and usually it stimulates an immune response gene
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What is A?
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Protein Receptor
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What is B?
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Chelsterol
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What is C?
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Hydrophilic Polar Head
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What is D?
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Hydrophobic fatty acid tail
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What is E?
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Glycolipids
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The 2 main channel proteins are?
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Carbohydrates and Proteins
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