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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Superior (cranial)
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Toward the head end or upper part of a structure or the body; above
Ex. The head is superior to the abdomen |
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Inferior (caudal)
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Away from the head end or toward the lower part of the structure or the body; below
Ex. The navel is inferior to the chin |
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Ventral (anterior)
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Toward or at the front of the body; in front of
Ex. The breastbone is anterior to the spine |
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Dorsal (posterior)
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Toward or at the back of the body; behind
Ex. The heart is posterior to the breastbone |
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Medial
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Toward or at the midline of the body; on the inner side of
Ex. The heart is medial to the arm |
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Lateral
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Away from the midline of the body; on the outer side of
Ex. The arms are lateral to the chest |
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Intermediate
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Between a more medial and more lateral structure
Ex. The collarbone is intermediate between the breastbone and shoulder |
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Proximal
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Closer to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk
Ex. The elbow is proximal to the wrist |
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Distal
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Farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk
The knee is distal to the thigh |
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Superficial (external)
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Toward or at the body surface
Ex. The skin is superficial to the skeletal muscles |
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Deep (internal)
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Away from the body surface; more internal
Ex. The lungs are deep to the skin |
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Axial part
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Makes up the axis of our body; includes the head, neck, and trunk
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Appendicular part
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Consists of the appendages, or limbs
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Sagittal plane
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Vertical plane that divides the body into right and left parts
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Median plane (midsagittal)
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Sagittal plane that lies exactly in the midline
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Parasagittal plane
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Saggittal plane offset from the midline (all saggital planes other than the median plane)
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Frontal plane (coronal plane)
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Vertical plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior parts
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Oblique section
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Cuts made diagonally between the horizontal and the vertical planes
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Dorsal body cavity
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Protects the fragile nervous system organs; has two subdivisions (cranial and vertebral cavities)
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Cranial cavity
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In the skull, encases the brain
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Vertebral (spinal) cavity
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Runs within the bony vertebral column, encloses the delicate spinal cord
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Transverse plane (cross section)
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Runs horizontally from right to left, dividing the body into superior and inferior parts
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Ventral body cavity
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Thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities ;houses internal organs (viscera)
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Thoracic cavity
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Surrounded by the ribs and muscles of the chest; subdivided into lateral pleural cavities and the medial mediastinum
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Abdominopelvic cavity
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Subdivided by the abdominal and pelvic cavities
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Abdominal cavity
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Contains digestive viscera
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Pelvic cavity
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Contains urinary bladder, reproductive organs, and rectum
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Cephalic
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the head
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Frontal
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forehead
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Orbital
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eye socket
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