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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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organic chemistry
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the study of carbon compounds
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hydrocarbon
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an organic molecule consisting of only carbon + hydrogen
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isomer
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one of several organic compunds w/ the same molecular formula but different structures, and therefore different properties.
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structural isomer
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Compounds that have the same molecular formula but differ in the covalent arangements of their atoms
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geometric isomer
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compuinds that have the same molecular formula but differ in the spatial arangements of their atoms
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enantiomer
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molecules that are mirror images of eachother
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functional group
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a specific configuration of atoms commonly atached to the carbon skeletons of organic molecules and usually involved in chemical reactions
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hydroxyl group
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a functional group consisting of a hydrogen atom joined to an oxygen atom by a polar covalent bond. Molecules possesing this group are soluble in water and are called alcohols
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alcohol
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organic compund containing hydroxyl groups
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carbonyl group
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a functional group present in aldehydes and ketones and consiting of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom.
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aldehyde
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an organic molecule with a carbonyl group located at the end of the carbon skeleton
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ketone
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an organic compound w/ a carbonyl group of which the carbon atom is bonded to 2 other carbon atoms
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carboxyl group
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a functional group present in organic acids and consisting of a single carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom and also bonded to a hydroxyl group
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carboxylic acid
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an organic compund containing a carboxyl group
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amino group
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a functiaonl group that consists of a nitrogen atom bonded 2 hydrogen atoms; can act as a base in a solution, accepting a hydrogen ion and aquiring a charge of +1
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amine
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an organic compund w/ 1 or more amino groups
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sulfhydryl group
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a functional group consisting of a sulfur atom bonded to a hydrogen atom
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thiol
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organic compounds contating sulfhydryl groups
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phosphate group
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a functiaonl group important to energy transfer
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