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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Organ system responsible for internal transport
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Circulatory System
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Three components of the circulatory system
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(a) Blood: connective tissue, consisting of cells and cell fragments dispersed in fluid, (b) Pumping Device: usually a heart, (c) Blood vessels: network of vessels through which the blood flows.
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Type of circulatory system possessed by most invertebrates, including arthropods and mollusks
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Open circulatory System
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Characteristics of open circulatory systems
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The heart pumps blood into blood vessels which have open ends; the blood spills out of them and fills the rest of the body. Blood re-enters the circulatory system through openings in the heart/gills.
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Hemocoel
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Blood cavity in invertebrates
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Method used by insects to distribute oxygen to cells
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Tracheal tubes
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Type of circulatory system possessed by annelids and all vertebrates
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Closed circulatory system
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Basic characteristics of a closed circulatory system
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Blood flows through a continuous circuit of blood vessels.
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Capillaries
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Tiny, thin-walled blood vessels which allow for diffusion of minerals and wastes
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Seven functions of the vertebrate circulatory system
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(a) Distribute nutrients, (b) Distribute oxygen, (c) Transport wastes from cells to excretory organs, (d) Transport hormones from endocrine glands to tissues, (e) Maintain fluid balance, (f) Defend against invaders, (g) Maintain body temperature, in warm-blooded animals.
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Three plasma proteins
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(a) Albumins, (b) Globulins, (c) Fibrinogen
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Albumin
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Transports specific hormones, keeping them in the blood until they're needed
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Globulin
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Antibodies, provide defense against invading pathogens
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Fibrinogen
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Main clotting agent
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Serum
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Plasma, without clotting proteins
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Erythrocytes
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Red blood cells
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Where red blood cells are produced
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Red bone marrow
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Hemoglobin
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Pigment which gives red blood cells their color, and transport oxygen.
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Anemia
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Deficiency of hemoglobin, resulting in loss of energy
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Hemolytic anemia
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Deficiency of hemoglobin, caused by increased rate of red blood cell destruction
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