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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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metabolism
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the totality of an organisms chemical reactions
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kinetic energy
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the energy of motion
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2nd law of thermodynamics
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The principle whereby energy transfer of transformation increases the entropy of the universe. Ordered forms of energy are at least partly converted to heat, and in spontaneous reactions, the free energy of the system also decreases.
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catalyst
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a chemical agent that changes the rate of a reaction without being consumed by the reaction.
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allosteric site
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The place on an enzyme where a molecule that is not a substrate may bind, thus changing the shape of the enzyme and influencing its ability to be active.
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catabolic pathways
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a metabolic pathway that releases energy by breaking down complex molecules to simpler compounds.
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potential energy
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the energy stored in matter as a result of its location or spatial arrangement.
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free energy
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the portion of a systems energy that can perform work when temperature and pressure are uniform throughout.
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activation energy
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the amount of energy a the reactants must absorb before a chemical reaction can start.
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coenzymes
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an organic molecule serving as a cofactor
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anabolic pathways
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a metabolic pathway that syntehsizes a complex molecule from smaller molecules.
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energy
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the capacity to do work
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1st law of thermodynamics
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energy can be transferred and transformed but not created or destroyed.
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energy coupling
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in cellular metabolism, the use of energy released from an exergonic reaction to drive an endergonic reaction;
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active site
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the specific portion of an enzyme that attatches to the substrate via weak chemical bonds.
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substrate
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the reactant on which an enzyme works.
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