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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Compounds containing carbons - specializes in this study
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Organic chemistry
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Carbon atom acts as an intersect point from which a molecule can branch off in up to four directions - makes large, complex molecules possible
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Tetravalence
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Organic molecules consisting only of carbon and hydrogen - major components of petroleum, fats - store large amounts of energy
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Hydrocarbons
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Compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structures
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Isomers
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Differ in the covalent arrangements of their atoms - also differ in the location of double bonds
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Structural isomers
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Have the same covalent partnerships, but they differ in their spatial arrangements - inflexibility of double bonds - look for double bonds
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Geometric isomers
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Molecules that are mirror images of each other
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Enantiomers
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The components of organic molecules that are most commonly involved in chemical reactions
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Functional groups
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A hydrogen atom is bonded to an oxygen atom, which is then bonded to the carbon skeleton of the organic molecule
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Hydroxel group
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-OH
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Organic compounds containing hydroxel groups
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Alcohols
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Carbon atom joined to an oxygen atom by a double bound
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Carbonyl Group
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>CO
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Double-bonded to a carbon atom that is also bonded to a hydroxyl group - source of hydrogen ions
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Carboxyl Group
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-COOH
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Compounds containing Carboxyl groups
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Carboxylic acids (organic acids)
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A nitrogen atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms and to the carbon skeleton
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Amino Group
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-NH2
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Organic compounds of the Amino Group
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Amines
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Sulfer atom bonded to a hydrogen atom - organic compounds containg a hydrogen atom - maintains protein shape
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Sulfhydryl Group
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-SH
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Organic compounds of Sulfhydryl groups
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Thiols
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Phosphate ion covalently attatched by one of its oxygen atoms to the carbon skeleton - the transfer of energy between organic molecules [high energy bonds (ATP)]
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Phosphate Group
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-OPO23
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