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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The phenotype most common in natural populations
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Wild Type
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Genes locatd on a sex chromosome
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Sex-linked genes
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Genes located on the same chromosome; tend to be inherited together in a genetic crosses because the chromosome is passed along as a unit
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Linked genes
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The production of offspring with new combinations of traits inherited from two parents
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Genetic recombination
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An ordered list of the genetic loci along a particular chromosome
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Genetic map
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Weakening of muscles and loss of coordination - protein found in X chromosome
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Duchenne muscular dystrophy
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Inactive X in each cell of a female condenses into this compact object - lies along the inside of the nuclear envelope - most are not expressed
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Barr body
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Members of a pair of homologus chromosomes do not move apart properly during meiosis I or sister chromatids fail to separate during meiosis II
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Nondisjunction
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Offspring will have an abnromal chromosomal number
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Aneuploidy
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2n + 1 of chromosomes
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Triosmic
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2n - 1 of chromosomes
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Monosomic
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Triploidy (3n) and tetraploidy (4n)
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Polyploidy
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Chromosomal fragment lacking a centromere lost during cell division
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Deletion
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Fragment attatched as an extra segment to a sister chromatid
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Duplication
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Inversion - reverses a segment within a chromosome
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Inversion
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Fragment to join a nonhomologous chromosome and rearrange with it; reciprocal translocation - can cause leukemia
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Translocation
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Extra chromosome 21
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Down Syndrome
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Extra X in a male, XXY, have both characteristics of both sexes
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Klinefelter syndrome
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Monosomy X
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Turner syndrome
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Specific deletion of chromosome 5
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Cri du chat
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A gene on one chromosome is somehow silenced by methylation (-CH3), while its allele on the homologus chromosome is left free to be expressed
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Genomic imprinting
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Abnormal X chromosome
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Fragile X syndrome
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Part of 22 switches with tip of chromosome 9
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Chronic Myelogenus Leukemia (CML)
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