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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What did Pasteur do?
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-disproved spontaneous generation
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Who was Linnaeus and what did he do?
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He was the ologian and Botonist
-He created the system for classification of all living things |
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What did Cuvier do?
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He discovered catastrophism meaning sudden catastrophies created the cahnges on Earth's crust
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Catastropism
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-major changes on the Earth's crust is caused by catastrophy
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What did Hutton do?
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He discovered gradualism.
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Gradualism
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-things change gradually over time
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What did Lamarck discover?
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1) Use/disuse
*use-will stay and continue *disuse-will go away 2)Inheritance of desired traits whatever you enhance or lose on first generation will pass on to next generation |
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Who was Charles Darwin and what did he do?
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-father of modern evolutionary thought
-he explained that all organisms had the same or a common ancestry -1)Natural Selection -2)Gemmules "genes" |
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Natural Selection
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"Survival of the fittest"
-best fit for the environment will pass on genes to next generation |
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Who was Wallace and what did he do?
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-independent Co-founder of natural selection
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Who was Haeckel and what did he do?
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-studied embryology and founded modern phylogenetic practices
"phylogeny"=longest time-present |
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Who was Stanley Miller and what did he do?
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-CH4
-NH3 -H2O -H2 -Increase in pressure -Lightning -------------------------- Products- 1)sugars, 2)amino acids, 3) nucleotides |
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Morph
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-a discrete characteristic in a population
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Polymorphic
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-many discrete traits within a population in high frequencies
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Natural selection
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-species and organism adapt to their environment and their phenotype change according to their environment
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Artificial Selection
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-Humans interfering with breeding patterns of animals and plants
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Frequency Dependent Selection
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-a decline in number or decline in reproductive success of one morph as a result of that morph being too common
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Intrasexual selection
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-one gender competing amongst themselves for mates of the opposite gender
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Intersexual selection
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-have individual gender choose mates from other gender
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sexual dimorphism
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-has secondary sexual characteristics
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secondary sexual characteristics
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-marked differences genders other than reproductive system
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relative fitness
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-how often a specific genotrype occurs within a given population with the other genotypes
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homology
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-similar characteristics arising from common ancestry
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homologous structures
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-similar characteristics
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vestigial structures
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-left overs
-example- a snack has a pelvis which is useless to it |
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molecular homology
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-DNA, similar proteins
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species
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-a population of organisms that reproduce with each other only and their offsprings can reproduce as well
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cladogenesis
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-no direct lineage, same species still exist
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anagenesis
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-direct lineage. the species change
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allopatric
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-physical barrier
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sympatric
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-small selective portion of a population will only breed within themselves
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punctuated equilibrium
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-a theory of evolution advocation spurts of relatively rapid change followed by long period of stasis
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eusociality
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-species that include specialized non reproductive castes as members of their populations
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kin selection
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-the offsprings recieving care from parents or relatives
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genetic drift
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-change of allele frequency due to a chance event
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bottlenect effect
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-when something creates a big change in size
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founder effect
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-a natural disaster that didn't kill a number of a population but moved and created a new gene pool
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gene flow
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-when members of difference populations moves and breeds
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