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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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metabolic pathway
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categorized by enzymes
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catabolic pathways
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release energy by breaking down complicated molecules.
cellular respiration releases/uses energy. |
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anabolic pathways
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consume energy to BUILD.
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biosynthetic pathways
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protine = amino acid
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Bioengetics
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how an organism manages resources of energy.
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Energy
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capacity to cause change
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chemical energy
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potential energy available for relase in a reaction. glucose is high in chemical energy.
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thermodynamics
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energy tranformation in a collection of matter. adds to chaos.
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entrophy
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disorder in the universe.
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Law 1 of energy
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energy is constant, cannot be created or destroyed.
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Law 2 of energy
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spontaneious process = increases entropy of the universe.
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Free Energy
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portion of energy that can preform work when temp/pressure are uniform. G=total energy available for reactions (to do work)
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Exergonic reaction
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net release of free energy. spontanious and the downhill part of a reaction. +^G (gives off energy)
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Endorgonic reaction
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absorbs free energy, non spontanious, and uphill. -^G (Absorbs energy)
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ATP = adenosine triphosphate
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energy source that preforms mechanical (movement) work, transport work(pumping/moving)and chemical work (endergonic reactions)
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Energy coupling
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exergonic processes to drive an endergonic reaction
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Hydrolysis
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ATP reactions that give energy
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Activation Energy
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At which bonds change.
reaction barrier. enxymes lower Ea barrier. Ea=difference between energy at the beginning and the peak of energy. |
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catalysis
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enzyme that lowers Ea barrier.
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Substrate of Enzyme
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reactant enzyme binds to. enzyme-substrate complex.
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coenzyme
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helps in reaction rather than hinders. organic helper.
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allosteric regulation
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regulation of enxymes wehre the protine function of one site is affected by binding of regularity molecule at seperate site. polypeptide chains.
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cooperativity
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amplifies response of enxymes to substances.
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feedback inhibition
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metabolic pathway switched off by inhibitory binding.
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Enzyme-substrate complex
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when the substrate is bonded to the enzyme's active site.
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-ase
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normally an enzyme
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cofactors
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nonorganic helper to the enzyme. vitamins such as iron, copper, and zinc.
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Phosphorylation
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received a phosphate from ATP (received energy) to power a new reaction.
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Induced Fit
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Enzyme changes to fit with substrate (tying your shoes)
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Transition State
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peak of low energy to high energy (acheiving activation)
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Ranges of Tolerance
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tolerance of conditions for which enzymes can work.
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