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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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model organism
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organism ideal for study
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anterior-posterior
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head to tail axis
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dorsal ventral
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back to belly axis.
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cell differentiation
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process by which cells become specified.
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morphogenesis
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"creation of form" giving organism shape.
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apical meristems
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plant's continual growth and new organs constantly being formed.
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genomic equivalence
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all cells of organisms have same genes, but not all expressed.
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totipotency
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a reversible potential or cell that can give rise to other specialized cells other than their own.
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cloning
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making genetically identical individuals.
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nuclear transplantation
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transplanging nuclei to see if it can do different things.
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stem cell
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unspecialized embryo cell that can give reproduce and differentiate under specific conditions.
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determination
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events that lead to observable diffenteration of a cell.
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mytoblasts
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determined cells.
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cytoplasmic determinants
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molecules in egg that help determione.
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induction
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signal molecules change nearbye target cells.
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egg polarity genes
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genes which direct formation of segments and axis formation.
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pattern formation
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development of spatial organization of organism.
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positional information
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molecular cues that control pattern formation
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embryonic lethals
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mutations that cause death
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maternal effect gene
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mutant in mothers that lead to mutant in offspring regardless of genotype.
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model organism
|
organism ideal for study
|
|
|
anterior-posterior
|
head to tail axis
|
|
|
dorsal ventral
|
back to belly axis.
|
|
|
cell differentiation
|
process by which cells become specified.
|
|
|
morphogenesis
|
"creation of form" giving organism shape.
|
|
|
apical meristems
|
plant's continual growth and new organs constantly being formed.
|
|
|
genomic equivalence
|
all cells of organisms have same genes, but not all expressed.
|
|
|
totipotency
|
a reversible potential or cell that can give rise to other specialized cells other than their own.
|
|
|
cloning
|
making genetically identical individuals.
|
|
|
nuclear transplantation
|
transplanging nuclei to see if it can do different things.
|
|
|
stem cell
|
unsepcialized embryotic cell that can reproduce and differentiate under circumstances.
|
|
|
determination
|
events that lead to observable differentation of a cell.
|
|
|
mytoblasts
|
determined cells
|
|
|
cytoplasmic determinants
|
molecules in egg that help to determine.
|
|
|
induction
|
signal molecules in one cell change nearbye target cells.
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|
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egg polarity genes
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maternal effect genes that help determine axes.
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morphogens
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extablish embryo axes.
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segmentation genes
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genes which direct the formation of segments.
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pattern formation
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development of spacial organization.
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positional information
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molecular cues that control spatial organization.
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embyonic lethals
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mutations in the embryo that cause death.
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maternal effect genes
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mutant in mother leads to mutant in offspring regardless of genotype.
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segmentation genes
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lead the formation of segments.
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proteases (capsases)
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cut up apostosiated cell and use it for other things.
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organ identity gene
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determines type of structures that grow on meristem.
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evolutionary developmenal biology (evodevo)
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study of evolutionary biology as regards to organism development.
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homobox
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180 nuclotides that specify 60 amino acids. hox in animals (homoetic genes) and are present in bicod genes (egg polarity genes)
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