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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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lipid (triglyceride)
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mostly c-c and c-h bonds, very nonpolar
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lipid (steroid)
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3 6-carbon rings, 1 5-carbon ring, mostly c-c and c-h bonds
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nucleic acid
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strands of nucleic acids bonded w/ hydrogen bonds
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carbohydrate
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monsaccharide, 1:2:1 ratio of c:h:o, RING FORM!
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protein (amino acid)
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carboxyl (cooh), amino hydrogen (NH2) and r group, all attached to central carbon
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nucleic acid (nucleotide)
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phosphate, 5 C sugar and nitrogen base
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phospholipid
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lipid with a phosphate group ( - charge) and two fatty acids attached to a glycerol molecule. this gives it a polar phosphate (hydrophilic) end , and a nonpolar fatty acid (hydrophobic) end.
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starch
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a polysacharide with BRANCHED structure that is used as STORAGE form of carbs in plants
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chitin
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a polysaccharide found in the exoskeleton of insects and the cell walls of fungi
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cellulose
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polysaccharide with LINEAR structure that is used for STRUCTURE
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glycogen
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a polysaccharide with a BRANCHED structure that is used as carb STORAGE in ANIMALS
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primary protein structure
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linear sequence of amino acids, formed by polypeptide bonds (from dehydration synthesis)
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secondary protein structure
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in which the alpha helix and beta pleats are formed from hyrdogen bonds
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tertiary structure
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3D structure created by hydrogen bonds, disulfide bonds (same molecule), ionic interactions (+/-), etc.
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quaternary structure
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interactions between polypeptide chains
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saturated fatty acids
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only single bonds, allows molecules to be very close and increases the LDFs between them (much more stable)
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unsaturated fatty acids
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contains at least double bonds, kinks keep molecules farther apart, decreasing LDFs
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fructose+glucose
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sucrose and water
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glucose and galactose
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lactose and water
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glucose and glucose
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maltose and water
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glycosidic linkage
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bonds between monsaccharides, polar covalent
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three kinds of lipids
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phospholipids, saturated fatty acids, unsaturated fatty acids
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function of steroids
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a type of cholesterol, structural components in cell membranes
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roles of proteins
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enzymes, structural components, hormones, immune function
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