A&p Anatomy Cards- Bones And Stuff

Front 1

Axial Skeleton

Back 1

Consists of: The Skull, Hyoid Bone, Vertebral Column, Ribs and The Sternum

Front 2

Appendicular Skeleton

Back 2

All other parts- Pectoral Girdle, Upper Limb Bones, Pelvic Girdle and Lower Limb Bones

Front 3

Skull

Back 3

Head

Front 4

Mandible

Back 4

Jaw & Chin

Front 5

Hyoid Bone

Back 5

Middle of the Neck

Front 6

Sternum

Back 6

Flat Bone in the center of the Chest

Front 7

Ribs

Back 7

Sides of the Torso

Front 8

Vertebral Column

Back 8

Spine

Front 9

Sacrum

Back 9

Lower Middle Back Area

Front 10

Pectoral Girdle

Back 10

Shoulders

Front 11

Clavicle

Back 11

Top of Shoulder Area

Front 12

Scapula

Back 12

Side of Shoulders Area (Armpit Area)

Front 13

Humerus

Back 13

Upper- Arm Bone

Front 14

Ulna

Back 14

Larger Bone in Fore-Arm

Front 15

Radius

Back 15

Smaller Bone in Fore-Arm

Front 16

Carpals

Back 16

Bones in the Wrist Area

Front 17

Metacarpals of Hand

Back 17

Lower Fingers Area

Front 18

Phalanges of Hand

Back 18

Upper Finger Area

Front 19

Bone Shapes:

Back 19

Long, Short, Flat and Irregular

Front 20

Long Bones

Back 20

Larger then they are broad.

Eg: Femur or Thigh Bone

Front 21

Short Bone

Back 21

More or less equal in dimensions

Eg: Carpal or Wrist Bones

Front 22

Flat Bones

Back 22

Appear compressed and in one dimension.

Eg: Cranium and Sternum Bones

Front 23

Irregular Bones

Back 23

Bones that do not fit into any other Bone categories.

Eg: Spehnoid Bone from the Skull

Front 24

Projections

Back 24

Arise from the Bones Surface.

Front 25

Depressions & Cavities

Back 25

Holes, Dents and Spaces in Bone.

Front 26

Organic Matter of Bone Tissue

Back 26

Collagenous Fibers & Cells

Front 27

Inorganic Matter of Bone

Back 27

Hydroxyapatite

Front 28

Hydroxyapatite

Back 28

Complex salt consisting of Calcium Phosphate and Calcium Carbonate.

Front 29

Epiphysis

Back 29

Ends of Bones

Front 30

Diaphysis

Back 30

Shaft of Bones.

Front 31

Articular Cartilage

Back 31

Cartilage located at the ends of Bones (Epiphysis).

Front 32

Epiphyseal Line

Back 32

A line between the diaphysis and epiphysis in older people. It is also considered a fusion plate.

Front 33

Epiphysieal/Growth Plate

Back 33

A fusion plate where the growing regions of the bone united. Found in individuals who are growing in height.

Front 34

Compact Bone

Back 34

Hard, Outer Layer of Bone

Front 35

Cancellous/Spongy Bone

Back 35

Soft, Inner Layer of Bone

Front 36

Trabeculae

Back 36

Thin Rods/Plates of Bone that run in the same direction as the stress applied to the bone.

Front 37

Medullary Cavity

Back 37

The Inner-Most Section of Bone

Front 38

Hematopoietic Red Marrow

Back 38

Marrow that forms Red Blood Cells

Front 39

Yellow Marrow

Back 39

Marrow that is Adipose (fat) Containing.

Front 40

Nutrient Foramania

Back 40

Located on the surface of the Diaphysis. Small holes that allow for passage of blood vessels into and out of the bone.

Front 41

Preforating/ Volksmann's Canals

Back 41

Nutrient Foramania leads to these. They are Central Canals that carry nutrients vertically through Compact Bone.

Front 42

Periosteum

Back 42

Dense Connective Tissue Sheath that covers the Outer surface of Bone.

Front 43

Tendon

Back 43

Attach muscle to bone at the periosteum.

Front 44

Ligament

Back 44

Straps of Connective Tissue that connects Bone to Bone.

Front 45

Endosteum

Back 45

A layer within the inner surface of Long Bone.

Front 46

Osteon

Back 46

Modular units of Bone.

Front 47

Central/Haversian Canal

Back 47

Hole in the middle of an Osteon. It houses blood vessels and nerves in Dense Bone Tissue.

Front 48

Lacunae/Lacuna

Back 48

Spaces that the bone cells (osteocytes) occupied in living tissue.

Front 49

Osteocytes

Back 49

Bone Cells

Front 50

Canaliucli

Back 50

Thin tubes that connect the Lacunae

Front 51

Lamellae

Back 51

Dense Mineral Salts in an Osteon that form concentric rings between the Lacunae.

Front 52

Bone Cells

Back 52

Osteoblasts, Osteocytes & Osteoclasts

Front 53

Osteoblasts

Back 53

Originate from Stem Cells, Produce new Bone and become Osteocytes.

Front 54

Osteocytes

Back 54

Mature Bone Cells. They sense the stresses placed on Bone and add more Bone Material if needed.

Front 55

Osteoclasts

Back 55

Involved in Bone Reabsorption. They increase the size of the Marrow Cavity as a person grows. They are formed from fusion of cells (macrophages) and each cell has multiple nuclei.

Front 56

Scapula

Back 56

The Shoulder Blade.

Front 57

Humerus

Back 57

A long bone that articulates with the scapula and its proximal end with the radius and ulna at its distal end.

Front 58

Radius

Back 58

In the fore-arm, it is lateral on the thumb side.

Front 59

Ulna

Back 59

A medial bone, has a proximal head that looks like a wheel. Has a U shaped depression.

Front 60

Coxal Bone

Back 60

The lateral half of the large, flattened, irregularly shaped bone of the pelvis consisting of ilium, ischium and pubis that have fused in the adult, and the acetabulum, which is the point at which the three bones meet.

Front 61

Femur

Back 61

The longest and heaviest bone in the body. Only bone of the thigh. It articulates proximally with the coxal bone and inferiorly with the tibia.

Front 62

Tibia

Back 62

The large bone of the leg. The weight bearing bone of the leg inferior to the femur. It is the medial bone of the leg.

Front 63

Pectoral Girdle

Back 63

Consists of the right and left scapulae, right and left clavicles. It provides a movable yet stable support for the upper limbs.

Front 64

Upper Limb

Back 64

Clavicle, Humerus, Scapula, Radius & Ulna, Carpals of Wrist, Metacarpals of Hand and then Phalanges of Hand.

Front 65

Pelvic Girdle

Back 65

Consists of the two Coxal bones. Each Coxal bone results in the fusion of three bones: the Illium, Ischium, Pubis

Front 66

Lower Limb

Back 66

The Coxal Bones, Femur, Patella, Tibia & Fibula, Foot Tarsals, Foot Metatarsals & Phalanges.

Front 67

Scapula

Back 67

Commonly knows as the shoulder Blade.

Front 68

Superior Border

Back 68

A border of the Scapula. Has an indentation known as the Scapular Notch.

Front 69

Medial/Vertebral Border

Back 69

A border of the Scapula.

Front 70

Lateral/Axillary Border

Back 70

A border of the Scapula.

Front 71

Femur

Back 71

The longest and heaviest bone in the body. Only bone of the thigh. It articulates proximally with the coxal bone and inferiorly with the tibia.

Front 72

Tibia

Back 72

The large bone of the leg. The weight bearing bone of the leg inferior to the femur. It is the medial bone of the leg.

Front 73

Pectoral Girdle

Back 73

Consists of the right and left scapulae, right and left clavicles. It provides a movable yet stable support for the upper limbs.

Front 74

Upper Limb

Back 74

Clavicle, Humerus, Scapula, Radius & Ulna, Carpals of Wrist, Metacarpals of Hand and then Phalanges of Hand.

Front 75

Pelvic Girdle

Back 75

Consists of the two Coxal bones. Each Coxal bone results in the fusion of three bones: the Illium, Ischium, Pubis

Front 76

Lower Limb

Back 76

The Coxal Bones, Femur, Patella, Tibia & Fibula, Foot Tarsals, Foot Metatarsals & Phalanges.

Front 77

Scapula

Back 77

Commonly knows as the shoulder Blade.

Front 78

Superior Border

Back 78

A border of the Scapula. Has an indentation known as the Scapular Notch.

Front 79

Femur

Back 79

The longest and heaviest bone in the body. Only bone of the thigh. It articulates proximally with the coxal bone and inferiorly with the tibia.

Front 80

Medial/Vertebral Border

Back 80

A border of the Scapula.

Front 81

Lateral/Axillary Border

Back 81

A border of the Scapula.

Front 82

Tibia

Back 82

The large bone of the leg. The weight bearing bone of the leg inferior to the femur. It is the medial bone of the leg.

Front 83

Pectoral Girdle

Back 83

Consists of the right and left scapulae, right and left clavicles. It provides a movable yet stable support for the upper limbs.

Front 84

Upper Limb

Back 84

Clavicle, Humerus, Scapula, Radius & Ulna, Carpals of Wrist, Metacarpals of Hand and then Phalanges of Hand.

Front 85

Pelvic Girdle

Back 85

Consists of the two Coxal bones. Each Coxal bone results in the fusion of three bones: the Illium, Ischium, Pubis

Front 86

Lower Limb

Back 86

The Coxal Bones, Femur, Patella, Tibia & Fibula, Foot Tarsals, Foot Metatarsals & Phalanges.

Front 87

Scapula

Back 87

Commonly knows as the shoulder Blade.

Front 88

Superior Border

Back 88

A border of the Scapula. Has an indentation known as the Scapular Notch.

Front 89

Medial/Vertebral Border

Back 89

A border of the Scapula.

Front 90

Lateral/Axillary Border

Back 90

A border of the Scapula.

Front 91

Scapular Notch

Back 91

Contains a nerve that innervates the shoulder muscles.

Front 92

Subscapular Fossa

Back 92

An indentation on the anterior surface of the scapula.

Front 93

Scapular Spine

Back 93

Divides the posterior surface of the Scapula.

Front 94

Supraspinous Fossa

Back 94

A superior depression in the scapula

Front 95

Infraspinous Fossa

Back 95

An inferior depression of the scapula.

Front 96

Acromion Process

Back 96

The spine of the scapula runs from the vertebral border to the lateral edge of the scapula where it expands.

Front 97

Coracoid Process

Back 97

A projection of the scapula which projects anteriorly.

Front 98

Inferior Angle

Back 98

One sharp angle of the Scapula

Front 99

Superior Angle

Back 99

One sharp angle of the Scapula

Front 100

Glenoid Cavity/Fossa

Back 100

The shallow depression of the scapula that the humerus moves in.

Front 101

Clavicle

Back 101

Commonly known as the collar bone. It is a small bone that is a strut between the scapula and the sternum.

Front 102

Sternal End

Back 102

The blunt, vertical truncated end of the clavicle.

Front 103

Acromial End

Back 103

The horizontally flattened end.

Front 104

Conoid Tubercle

Back 104

Located on the inferior surface of the clavicle.

Front 105

Humerus

Back 105

A long bone that articulates with the scapula.