Ap 7-9

Front 1

The term bone can refer to

Back 1

A tissue, an organ or a type of cell

Front 2

Joints

Back 2

Bind bones

Allow bones to grow

Enable body parts to move

Front 3

Joints are also called

Back 3

Articulations

Front 4

Classifying joints as synarthrotic, amphiarthrotic, or diarthrotic represents

Back 4

The degree of movement possible at the joint

Front 5

Types of fibrous joints include

Back 5

Syndesmosis, suture, and gomphosis joints

Front 6

A suture is an example of a

Back 6

Fibrous joints

Front 7

A tooth root attached to a jawbone by a periodontal ligament is a

Back 7

Gomphosis

Front 8

The joint between adjacent vertebral bodies is a

Back 8

Symphosis that is amphiarthrotic

Front 9

Cartilagenous joints are connected by

Back 9

Hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage

Front 10

A fibrous joint in which an interosseous ligament binds bones is a

Back 10

Syndesmosis

Front 11

A gomphosis is a _____ joint

Back 11

Fibrous

Front 12

A synchondrosis

Back 12

Allows bone growth

Front 13

Which of the following is not a type of fibrous joint

Back 13

Symphosis

Front 14

Trochanter (greater/lesser)

Only found in proximal femur

Back 14

"Runners"

Bumps on limbs to grab tendons

Front 15

Teres

Back 15

Round or cylindrical

Front 16

The longest bone of the body is the

Back 16

Femur

Front 17

Bag of synovia

Back 17

Bursae

Front 18

Coracoid

Back 18

Isn't sharp

Front 19

Acromion

Back 19

Spine of the scapula

Front 20

Croinoid

Back 20

Is sharp

Front 21

Ligament

Back 21

Attach bone to bone

Front 22

Tendon

Back 22

Attach muscle to bone

Front 23

Bones of a synovial joint are held together by

Back 23

A joint capsule

Front 24

Bones of a synovial joint are held together by

Back 24

A joint capsule

Front 25

Greg trips over a toy and experiences a sharp pain his physician diagnosis a torn meniscus Greg has injured his

Back 25

Knee joint

Front 26

Bones of a synovial joint are held together by

Back 26

A joint capsule

Front 27

Greg trips over a toy and experiences a sharp pain his physician diagnosis a torn meniscus Greg has injured his

Back 27

Knee joint

Front 28

Articular cartilage receives oxygen and nutrients from

Back 28

Surrounding synovial fluid

Front 29

A joint capsule is reinforced by

Back 29

Ligaments binding articular ends of bones together

Front 30

Fluid filled sacs containing synovial fluid are called

Back 30

Bursae

Front 31

Calcaneus

Back 31

Heel bone

Front 32

So

Long

Top

Part

Here

Comes

The

Thumb

Back 32

Scaphoid

Lunate

Triquetrum

Pisiform

Hamate

Capitate

Trapezoid

Trapezium

Front 33

Cuneiform

Back 33

Wedge like

Front 34

Toes

Back 34

Navicular

Front 35

Toes

Back 35

Navicular

Front 36

Hands

Back 36

Sciff

Front 37

Cuboid

Back 37

Hold up the fourth and fifth digit

Front 38

The number of bones in the human body is

Back 38

206 but it varies some people lack certain bones or others have extra

Front 39

Greenstick fracture

Back 39

Is incomplete and occurs on the convex surface of the bone

Front 40

Greenstick fracture

Back 40

Is incomplete and occurs on the convex surface of the bone

Front 41

Fissured fracture

Back 41

Incomplete longitudinal break

Front 42

Greenstick fracture

Back 42

Is incomplete and occurs on the convex surface of the bone

Front 43

Fissured fracture

Back 43

Incomplete longitudinal break

Front 44

Comminuted fracture

Back 44

Complete fracture and fragments the bone

Front 45

Transverse fracture

Back 45

Complete and occurs at a right angle to the axis of the bone

Front 46

Oblique fracture

Back 46

Complete fracture that Occurs at an angle other than a right angle

Front 47

Spiral fracture

Back 47

Occurs by excessive twisting of bone

Front 48

Osteoporosis

Back 48

When bones break easily because bone matrix is lost faster than it is replaced

Front 49

Osteopenia

Back 49

Is not as serious as osteoporosis

Front 50

Long bones

Back 50

Longitudinal axes and expanded ends

Front 51

Short bones

Back 51

Are cube like with equal lengths and widths

Front 52

Short bones

Back 52

Are cube like with equal lengths and widths

Hint 52

Sesamoid bones

Front 53

Flat bones

Back 53

Plate like structures with broad surfaces

Front 54

Short bones

Back 54

Are cube like with equal lengths and widths

Hint 54

Sesamoid bones

Front 55

Flat bones

Back 55

Plate like structures with broad surfaces

Front 56

These kinds of bones can contain air filled sinuses which are lined with mucous membranes

Back 56

Irregular

Flat

Front 57

The structure that covers the outer surface of bones and serves as an attachment site for tendons and ligaments

Back 57

Periosteum

Front 58

The growing zone of a bone is known as

Back 58

Epiphyseal plate

Front 59

These bones are classified as irregular

Back 59

Vertebrae and sphenoid

Front 60

These are all one shapes except

Back 60

Regular bone

Front 61

This hormone stimulates an increased number of osteoclasts which increases blood calcium levels

Back 61

Parathyroid

Front 62

This hormone stimulates an increased number of osteoclasts which increases blood calcium levels

Back 62

Parathyroid

Front 63

Vitamin c deficiency causes this disorder which is characterized by ulcerations, hemorrhage, and poor wound healing

Back 63

Scurvy

Front 64

This hormone which is secreted by the anterior pituitary, increases bone growth by stimulating interstitial cartilage growth and appositional bone growth

Back 64

Growth hormone

Front 65

This hormone which is secreted by the anterior pituitary, increases bone growth by stimulating interstitial cartilage growth and appositional bone growth

Back 65

Growth hormone

Front 66

This kind of tissue has many small spaces, is found mainly in the epiphysis and is arranged into trabeculae

Back 66

Cancellous (spongy) bone

Front 67

These kinds of fractures are complete fractures in which the bone breaks into multiple pieces

Back 67

Communited

Front 68

If a fracture occurs in the diaphysis of a long bone the structure that forms between the ends of the bone as well as the medullary cavity is called this

Back 68

Internal callus

Front 69

This process of bone repair requires the longest amount of time

Back 69

Bone remodeling

Front 70

( true/false) the definition of bone remodeling is the construction of bone around blood vessels forming an osteon

Back 70

False

Front 71

Bone remodeling is involved in

Back 71

Bone growth

Changes in bone shape

Calcium regulation in the body

Bone repair

Front 72

When a fracture is healing these cells move into the fracture site and tear down the damaged bone

Back 72

Osteoclasts

Front 73

Growth in bone width occurs in this order

Back 73

1 osteoblasts lay down bone to form ridges with grooves in between

2 grooves are changed into tunnels

3 concentric lamellae are made

4 an osteon is produced

Front 74

In this zone of the epiphyseal plate new cartilage is produced as the Chondrocytes divide and form stacks of cells

Back 74

Proliferation

Front 75

This can be said of intramembraneous ossification

Back 75

1 it forms the frontal and parietal bones

2 fontaneles are found between skull bones

3 osteoblasts lay down matrix around collagen fibers

Front 76

Bones produced by intramembraneous or endochondral ossification are indistinguishable because both initially produce woven bone which is then remodeled (true/false)

Back 76

True

Front 77

Endochondral ossification begins at this time

Back 77

During fetal development

Front 78

(True/false) nutrients travel to osteocytes in this order

Back 78

1 blood vessels in the medullary cavity

2 central canal

3 canaliculi

4 perforating canals

5 cytoplasm of osteocytes

(False)

Front 79

Osteochondral progenitor cells give rise to

Back 79

Osteoblasts

Chondroblasts

Front 80

The flexible strength of bone is attributed to

Back 80

Collagen fibers

Front 81

Chondrocytes receive nutrients in this manner

Back 81

Diffusion through matrix

Front 82

In hyalin cartilage the cells that produce new matrix are called

Back 82

Chondroblasts

Front 83

These joints have no joint cavity and exhibit little or no movement

Back 83

Fibrous

Front 84

These joints have no joint cavity and exhibit little or no movement

Back 84

Fibrous

Front 85

These specialized joints consists of pegs that fit into sockets and are held together by regular collagenous connective tissue

Back 85

Gomphoses

Front 86

The joint found between intervertebral discs is

Back 86

Symphysis

Front 87

This extensions of a synovial membrane extends as a pocket to provide a cushion between structures that would rub against each other

Back 87

Bursa

Front 88

These are all hinge joints found between these bones except

Back 88

Femur and tibia

Phalanges

Humerus and ulna radius

Not

Atlas and axis

Front 89

(True/false) flexion at the knee moves the leg in an anterior direction

Back 89

False

Front 90

This movement consists of moving a structure in a gliding motion in an anterior direction

Back 90

Protraction

Front 91

Abduction of the fingers will do this

Back 91

Spread them apart

Front 92

This movement of the forearm will allow you to hold a bowl of soup in your hands

Back 92

Supination

Front 93

These movements will move the right upper limb from the anatomical position to touch the right side of the head with the fingertips

Back 93

Shoulder flexion/ elbow flexion

Shoulder abduction/elbow flexion

Front 94

The shoulder joint is a ball and socket joint between the head of the humorous and glen kid activity (fossa) of the scapula

Back 94

True

Front 95

Glenoid cavity

Back 95

Is a fossa of the scalula

Front 96

These movements are possible at the temporomandibular joints except

Back 96

Depression

Protraction

Excursion

Not rotation

Front 97

Temporomandibular joint

Back 97

Is a modified hinge

Front 98

The following describe the elbow joint

Back 98

Hinge

Can produce rotation

Olecranon bursa covers olecranon process

Surrounded by joint capsule

Front 99

The following describe the elbow joint

Back 99

Hinge

Can produce rotation

Olecranon bursa covers olecranon process

Surrounded by joint capsule

Front 100

This structure helps to stabilize the shoulder joint

Back 100

Rotator cuff muscles

Front 101

The following describe the elbow joint

Back 101

Hinge

Can produce rotation

Olecranon bursa covers olecranon process

Surrounded by joint capsule

Front 102

This structure helps to stabilize the shoulder joint

Back 102

Rotator cuff muscles

Front 103

This statement about a shoulder dislocation is true

Back 103

-Most common dislocated joint

-Usually occurs inferior to the axilla

-axillary nerve can be damaged

Front 104

The hip joint is an ellipsoid (condyloid) joint, which is a modified ball and socket joint

Back 104

False

Front 105

Ball and socket joint

Back 105

Back (Definition)

Front 106

Condylar joint

Back 106

Back (Definition)

Front 107

Plane joint

Back 107

Back (Definition)

Front 108

Hinge joint

Back 108

Back (Definition)

Front 109

Pivot joint

Back 109

Back (Definition)

Front 110

Saddle joint

Back 110

Back (Definition)

Front 111

Abduction and adduction

Back 111

Back (Definition)

Front 112

Dorsiflexion and plantarflexion

Back 112

Back (Definition)

Front 113

Flexion and extension

Back 113

Back (Definition)

Front 114

Circumduction

Back 114

Back (Definition)

Front 115

Medial and lateral rotation

Back 115

Back (Definition)

Front 116

Supination and pronation

Back 116

Back (Definition)

Front 117

Inversion and eversion

Back 117

Back (Definition)

Front 118

Protraction and retraction

Back 118

Back (Definition)

Front 119

Elevation and depression

Back 119

Back (Definition)

Front 120

Synovial joints are

Back 120

Ball and socket or spheroidal joints

-condylar joint or ellipsoidal joint

-plane or gliding joint

-hinge joint

-pivot or trochoid joint

-saddle or sellar joint

Front 121

Three type of joints are

Back 121

Fibrous

Cartilagenous

Synovial

Front 122

In some elderly when a suture becomes ossified, two bones grow together to become a single bone this is called

Back 122

Synostosis

Front 123

The ulnar collateral ligament and radial collateral ligament are found in this joint

Back 123

Elbow

Front 124

This condition is a severe form of arthritis that is an autoimmune attack against the joint tissue

Back 124

Rheumatoid arthritis

Front 125

These are all results of the aging of joints except

Back 125

Ligaments and tendons stretch

-Production decline of synovial fluid

-production decline of new matrix

-tissue repair slows

Front 126

Supination and pronation

Back 126

Back (Definition)

Front 127

Inversion and eversion

Back 127

Back (Definition)

Front 128

Protraction and retraction

Back 128

Back (Definition)

Front 129

Elevation and depression

Back 129

Back (Definition)

Front 130

The hip joint is formed by these bone features

Back 130

Femoral head and acetabulum

Front 131

This movement is produced at the knee joint

Back 131

Flexion and extension

Front 132

A sprained ankle is most often a result of

Back 132

Torn calcaneofibular ligament

Front 133

This ligament can be torn when the knee receives a blow to the anterior surface or if it is hyperextended

Back 133

ACL (anterior cruciate ligament)

Front 134

The thumb joint is a

Back 134

Saddle joint

Front 135

Fascia

Back 135

Muscle covering

Front 136

Fascia

Back 136

Muscle covering

Front 137

Aponeuroses

Back 137

Fibrous sheets

Hint 137

Cover the skull and the abdomen

Front 138

Epimysium

Back 138

Surrounds skeletal muscle

Front 139

Epimysium

Back 139

Surrounds skeletal muscle

Front 140

Perimysium

Back 140

Separates the muscle tissue into small sections

Front 141

Epimysium

Back 141

Surrounds skeletal muscle

Front 142

Perimysium

Back 142

Separates the muscle tissue into small sections

Front 143

Endomysium

Back 143

Houses a muscle fiber

Front 144

Transverse process

Back 144

Extend laterally

Front 145

Transverse process

Back 145

Extend laterally

Front 146

Spinous process

Back 146

Extend posteriorly

Front 147

Epimysium

Back 147

Upon

Front 148

Epimysium

Back 148

Upon

Front 149

Perimysium

Back 149

Around

Front 150

Epimysium

Back 150

Upon

Front 151

Perimysium

Back 151

Around

Front 152

Endomysium

Back 152

Within

Front 153

Sarcomere

Back 153

Striations that form a repeating band

Front 154

Acetylcholine

Back 154

Neurotransmitter involved in moving muscle

Front 155

Action potential

Back 155

Conducts electrical potential

Front 156

Axon

Back 156

Bowl full of neurotransmitter

Front 157

Sodium

Back 157

Electrifies a membrane

Front 158

Creatine phosphate

Back 158

Stores energy that quickly converts ADP to ATP

Front 159

Latent period

Back 159

Brief period of time between stimulation and beginning of contraction May last less than 2 milliseconds

Front 160

Creatine kinase

Back 160

Changes Creatine to phosphocreatine and back

Front 161

Tubercle

Back 161

Is on the humorous