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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Alexander Keresky
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A revolutionary leader during the the beginning of the Russian Revolution of 1917, who pushed for parlimentary rule and religious toleration as well as various other political and legal freedoms.
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Lenin
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A Bolshevik leader, who was brought into power of Russia as a result of the second revolution in 1917. He and his followers were renamed the Russian Communist Party. Lenin also headed the Council of People's Commissars. He ended the Parliment and set up the Congress of Soviets in its place. Created the New Economic Policy.
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Leon Trotsky
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He raised a powerful army called the Red Army by recruiting able generals and large numbers of loyal civilains. He also fought for power with Stalin after the death of Lenin.
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Joseph Stalin
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A communist member, who became the leader of the Soviet State after the death of Lenin. He represented a more nationalist version of communism and pulled the State back to focus on Russia's developments. Stalin created a series of 5 year plans to replace Lenin's New Econonic Policy. After creating agricultural collectivization, he led Russia through WWII and into the Cold War.
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Alexander Dubcek
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A fervent communist, who led the Czech uprising in 1968. He fought against the Nazis in an illegal communist movement and opposed Soviet interference years later. The Soviet forced him to Moscow where he appealed for Czech cooperation. He was continuously demoted after reforms ended, but lived to see the end of the communist rule and seen as a hero by his people.
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Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn
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He was exiled to the West for his critical publication of his trilogy, "The Gulag Archipelago", about the Siberian prison camps.
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Nadezhda Mandelstam
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Wrote two volumes, "Hope Against Hope" and Hope Abandoned", which told the story of her husband's arrest and her life. They were secretly circulated throughout Russia. Despite being followed and tormented by Soviet officials, her stories were exaled by the people and printed multiple times as commmunism fell.
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Nikita Khrushchev
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Followed Stalin as the leader of the Soviet, but attacked Stalinism in 1956. The failure to develop Siberia and the antagonism of Stalinists led to his fall.
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Mikhail Gorbachev
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Became the Soviet ruler in 1985 and continued Khrushchev's attacks on Stalinism. He pushed for reduced production of nuclear arms and created policies of glasnost and perestroika.
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Vaclev Havel
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Leader of the Czechoslovakian government in 1989, who pushed for free elections and a market-driven economy.
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Boris Yeltsin
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He moved quickly up through the communist ranks and became the First Secretary of the Moscow City Party Committee. Started off loyal to Gorbachev, but after standing up to an attempted coup in 1991 he overthrew Gorbachev and took the postion as President. Had many opponents in Parliment.
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Valdimir Putin
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Elected president of Russia in 2000.
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