Ap 3 Ch20 The Muslim Empires_ Key People

Front 1

The Muslim Empires
Key People: Timur

Back 1

~Ottoman rise to power was severely but temporarily set back in 1402 when the armies of Timur swept into Anatolia and defeated Ottoman sultan Bayazid.

Front 2

The Muslim Empires
Key People: Mehmed I

Back 2

~Son of Bayazid, Mehmed's victory led to the reunifiction of the Ottoman empire after its set back in 1402.

Front 3

The Muslim Empires
Key People: Mehmied II

Back 3

~Mehmed's army, of the Ottoman empire, conquered Constantinople in 1453.

Front 4

The Muslim Empires
Key People: Suleyman the Magnificent

Back 4

~(1520-1566). The most successful of the Ottoman sultans. Suleymaniye was built at the behest of him.

Front 5

The Muslim Empires
Key People: Abu Taleb

Back 5

~Traveler who believes a major cause of Ottoman decline is their belief and conviction that little of what happened in Europe was important.

Front 6

The Muslim Empires
Key People: Sail al- Din

Back 6

~ A sufi of the 14th century, who gave the Safavid dynasty its name, began a militant campaign to purify and reform Islam and spread Muslim teachings among Turkish tribes of the region. He gained support in the chaos after the Mongol collapse and his supporters (Red Heads) preached Shi'ite beliefs in the 15th century.

Front 7

The Muslim Empires
Key People: Isma'il

Back 7

~Sufi commander, became shah of Safavid dynasty in 1501.

Front 8

The Muslim Empires
Key People: Sultan Selim

Back 8

~Ottoman sultan, overpowered Safavid forces under Isma'il in 1514 at Chaldiran in one of the most fateful battles in Islamic history.

Front 9

The Muslim Empires
Key People: Tahmasp I

Back 9

~ (1534-1576). After years of turmoil, Tahmasp I won the thrown and began restoring the power of the Safavid dynasty.

Front 10

The Muslim Empires
Key People: Shah Abbas I

Back 10

~(1587-1629). Also known as Abbas the Great, he ruled the Safavid Empire during its most prosperous years, even though his territories were relatively the same in size as previous rulers. He made the greatest use of youths captured in Russia and converted to Islam; they became the backbone of his military and granted high office.

Front 11

The Muslim Empires
Key People: Abbas II

Back 11

~(1642-1666). Abbas II was an able shah, but not enough to stop the decline of imperial administration or to deal with the many foreign threats.

Front 12

The Muslim Empires
Key People: Nadir Khan Afshar

Back 12

~ A soldier/ adventurer, claimed the thrown in 1736 after the Safavid end. He began as a champ of Savafid restoration. His dynasty was short-lived, and the territory formerly settled by the Safavid was divided up and reduced to battle grounds.

Front 13

The Muslim Empires
Key People: Babur

Back 13

~ The founder of the Mughal dynasty, a warrior prince, spread his power through the Indian subcontinent. He established a dynasty that would last more than 300 years. He had a taste for the arts and music and was a good strategist. He died 1530.

Front 14

The Muslim Empires
Key People: Humayan

Back 14

~ Son of Babur, inherited kingdom at Babur's death in 1530. He was a good soldier and leader, like his father, but was forced to flee to Persia by his brother, leaving a shattered army behind. After gaining a foothold in Kabul in 1545, he managed to restore Mughal rule to the northern plains before his death.

Front 15

The Muslim Empires
Key People: Akbar

Back 15

~ Son of Humayan, succesor of the thrown. Proved to be one of the greatest leaders in all of history. He was very much like his father/ grandfather. He invented a new faith (Din-i-Ilahi) in a failed attempt to unite Hindu and Muslim subjects and pushed for social changes that would benifit his subjects.

Front 16

The Muslim Empires
Key People: Jahangir and Shah Jahan

Back 16

~(1605-1627) and (1627-1658). Though they didn't add much territory to Akbar's dynasty, Mughal India reached the peak of its splendor during their rule. Continued Akbar's tolerance toward Hinduism and retained his established regional alliances. Considered two of the greatest patrons of the fine arts in human history. *The Taj Mahal was built during this time.* In both cases, strong wives took care of the neglected political aspects of the empire.

Front 17

The Muslim Empires
Key People: Nur Jahan

Back 17

~Jahangir's wife. Obsorbed with luxery, became a patron of charities in cities.

Front 18

The Muslim Empires
Key People: Mumtaz Mahal

Back 18

~ Shah Jahan's consort, actively involved in court politics. Amassed less power than Nur Jahan, as Shah Jahan was a more engaged and able leader than Jahangar. She is buried in the Taj Mahal, more famous for Shah Jahan's love for her than anything.

Front 19

The Muslim Empires
Key People: Aurangzeb

Back 19

~Mughul emperor, succeeded Shah Jahan. A religious zealot. One incident involving his daughter suggests the thin nature of the cloth that was in high fashion in the court at that time. The fine cloth won a large market in Europe.