A&p 1 Module 1

Front 1

Functions of the skeletal system

Back 1

blood cell production

support framework

triglyceride storage

assist movement

mineral homeostsis

protection

Front 2

epiphysis

Back 2

end of bones

Front 3

epipiseal plate

Back 3

hyline cartilage growth plate

Front 4

epipseal line

Back 4

growth complete

Front 5

metaphysis

Back 5

between end of bones and shaft

Front 6

diaphysis

Back 6

shaft of bone

Front 7

medullary cavity

Back 7

center of bone shaft

Front 8

endosteum

Back 8

lines medullary cavity of bone

Front 9

periostenium

Back 9

surrounds one surface

Front 10

red marrow

Back 10

makes blood cells

Front 11

yellow marrow

Back 11

stores triglycerides

Front 12

osteoblasts

Back 12

immature bone cells

Front 13

osteoclasts

Back 13

break down bone matrix

Front 14

calcitonin

Back 14

lowers blood calcium (thyroid)

Front 15

Parathyroid

Back 15

pares bones down to increase blood calcium

Front 16

flexion

Back 16

decrese angle between bones

Front 17

extentsion

Back 17

increase angle between bones

Front 18

hyperextention

Back 18

increase angle beyond anatomical position

Front 19

abduction

Back 19

movement away from body

Front 20

adduction

Back 20

movement toward body

Front 21

cardiac muscle

Back 21

straited, branched,involuntary muscle

Front 22

smooth muscle

Back 22

smooth, spindle shaped, single nucleus involuntary muscle

Front 23

skeletal muscles

Back 23

striated, multi-nucleated,voluntary muscles cylinder shaped

Front 24

fasicles

Back 24

section of muscles

Front 25

fibers

Back 25

shape of muscle

Front 26

myofibrils

Back 26

run the length of muscles, contractile organelles

Front 27

filaments

Back 27

thick or thin parts of myofibrils

Front 28

fascia

Back 28

surround muscle, dense irregular connective tissure

Front 29

superficial fascia

Back 29

connects dermis and sub q

Front 30

layers of fascia (muscles)

Back 30

epimysium

perimysium

endomysium

Front 31

tendon

Back 31

deep fascia connecting muscle to bone

Front 32

sliding filament theory

Back 32

how a muscle contracts

Front 33

sarcoplasmic reticulum

Back 33

releases calcium for muscle contraction

Front 34

tropopin

Back 34

reacts with calcium to move tropomyisin

Front 35

active transport

Back 35

uses ATP to move things against their concentration gradient

Front 36

isotonic muscle contraction

Back 36

muscle changes length TO MOVE

Front 37

Isomettic contraction

Back 37

to use muscles for holding something steady

Front 38

biological organization

Back 38

chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

Front 39

homeostasis

Back 39

condition of equilibrium of body's internal environment balanced by regulatory processes

Front 40

negative feedback

Back 40

body reverses a stressor

Front 41

feedback loops

Back 41

receptors-detect change

control center-interprets info

effectors-commands a response

Front 42

positive feedback

Back 42

body increases or enhances original stimuli or stressor

Front 43

oxytocin released in childbirth

platelets released for blood clotting

Back 43

positive feedback

Front 44

proximal

Back 44

toward the trunk of the body

Front 45

distal

Back 45

farther from the trunk and the ends

Front 46

medistinum

Back 46

area between lungs

Front 47

pericardial

Back 47

surrounds heart

Front 48

serous membranes

Back 48

parietal-lines body cavity

viseral-wraps organs

Front 49

serous membranes around heart

Back 49

parietal pericardium, viseral paricardium

Front 50

serous membranes of the abdomen

Back 50

parietal peritoneum and viseral peritoneum

Front 51

epithelial connective tissue

Back 51

makes up muscles and nervous tissue

Front 52

connective tissue

Back 52

cells and extracellualr matrix

nerve supply

highly vascular

transports blood and lymph

stores energy(adipose)

immune response

Front 53

fibroblasts

Back 53

secretes fibers and ground substance

Front 54

serous membrane of thoracic cavity

Back 54

parietal pleura

viseral pleura

Front 55

mucous

Back 55

lines body cavities that are exposed to the exterior of body

Front 56

goblet cells

Back 56

secrete mucous to prevent body cavities from drying out and prevents bacteria and microbes from entering in

Front 57

function of skin

Back 57

protection and infection defense

Front 58

function of epidermis

Back 58

physical barrier from microbes, chemicals and water from entering the body. Does not allow water out

Front 59

characteristics of epidermis

Back 59

straisfies squamous epithelium, avascular, has nerves renews every 4 weeks

Front 60

dermis

Back 60

connective tissue containing collegen and elsatin, divied into several regions, vascular and has nerves

Front 61

hypodermis

Back 61

aerolar and adipose tissue stores fat and large blood vessels, contains lamellated corpuscles of touch

Front 62

keratinocytes

Back 62

produce keratin which is a tough fibrous protein that helps skin and underlying tissues from heat microbes and chemicals

Front 63

melanocytes

Back 63

produce pigments and absorbs damaging UV rays shedding nuclear DNA

Front 64

langerhans cells

Back 64

from red bone marrow used for immune response against microbes. Easily damages by UV rays

Front 65

hair

Back 65

guards scalp, protects from sun, decreases heat loss

Front 66

nails

Back 66

help grasp and manipulate, protects fingers, allows scratching

Front 67

sudoriferous glands

Back 67

release sweat for temp control and eliminates certain wastes from body

Front 68

sebaceous glands

Back 68

release sebum which is a mix of triglycerides ,cholesterol, electrolytes and protein to protect skin and add waterproofing. limits bacteria and keeps hair from being dry of brittle

Front 69

Mesenchyme

Back 69

tissue from which all other tissue eventually arise

Front 70

lymph

Back 70

tissue with clear liquid matrix that flows through lymphatic vessels

Front 71

areolar

Back 71

tissues consisting of three different fiber types located in the subq

Front 72

adipose

Back 72

loose connective tissue specailized for triglycerides

Front 73

reticular tissue

Back 73

interlacing fiber that forms framework for soft tissue organs

Front 74

dense irregular tissue

Back 74

tissue found in dermis layer

Front 75

elastic connective tissue

Back 75

tissue found in lungs that can recoil back to original shape after being stretched

Front 76

hyline cartilage

Back 76

cartilage at end of bones

Front 77

fibrocartilage

Back 77

strongest cartilage providing strength and rigidity

Front 78

dense regular

Back 78

collagen fibers found in parallel arrangement found in ligaments and tendons

Front 79

blood

Back 79

connective tissue that has matrix called plasma