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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The organs of what system include the skin and its accessory structures including hair, nails, and glands, as well as blood vessels, muscles and nerves?
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integumentary
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The Integument is an ____ ____comprised of many organs such as hair and multiple types of glands.
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organ system
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Besides protection, the skin contributes to?
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Regulation of body temperature
Sensory perceptions Synthesis of vitamin D Emotional expression and It also serves as an important reservoir of blood |
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What is the outer layer of skin?
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The epidermis
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The epidermis contains 5 layers. From bottom to top the layers are named:
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stratum basale
stratum spinosum stratum granulosum stratum licidum stratum corneum |
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What is always the bottom (deepest) layer of skin. Continuous cell division occurs here and produces all the other layers.
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stratum basale
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What skin layer is a layer of 8–10 keratinocytes, in which organelles are beginning to degererate?
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stratum spinosum
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The non-dividing cells of the 3rd layer of skin are filled with granules of keratin. This layer is called?
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stratum granulosum
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The ____ ____ is the 4th layer of skin, but is only present in thick skin (the skin of the fingertips, palms, and soles).
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stratum lucidum
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The ____ ___ is always outermost layer of skin, composed of approximately 20 layers of flat cell-remnants that are like “bags of turtle wax” (dead keratinocytes with no cellular organelles filled with only keratin protein.)
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stratum corneum
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What is the process of replacing viable cells in the stratum basale with more and more of the waxy keratin protein as cells move from the deepest layer to the surface layer.
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Keratinization
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The skin has 3 major layers they are called?
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epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous
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What is composed of connective tissue containing collagen and elastic fibers.
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The dermis
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The Dermis contains two regions, they are?
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papillary region, and The reticular region
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What region of the Dermis consists of dense irregular connective tissue containing collagen and elastic fibers, adipose cells, hair follicles, nerves, sebaceous (oil) glands, and sudoriferous (sweat) glands?
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The reticular region
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What region of the Dermis lies just below the epidermis and consists of areolar connective tissue containing thin collagen and elastic fibers, dermal papillae (including capillary loops), corpuscles of touch and free nerve endings?
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The papillary region
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What 3 pigments are primarily responsible for skin color?
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Carotene, melanin and hemoglobin
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What type of har is a fine, nonpigmented, downy hairs that cover the body of the fetus?
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Lanugo
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What type of hairs are a short, fine, pale hairs barely visible to the naked eye?
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Vellus hairs
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What type of hair is long, coarse, heavily pigmented hair?
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Terminal hairs
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Hair color is determined by the amount and type of?
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melanin.
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What are connected to hair follicles. They secrete an oily substance called sebum which does 2 important things:
Prevents dehydration of hair and skin Inhibits growth of certain bacteria. |
Sebaceous (oil) glands
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In addition to oil glands, there are 2 types of skin sweat glands, also called ____ ____. Both are simple, coiled tubular glands.
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sudoriferous glands
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What sudoriferous glands are the most numerous? They secrete a watery solution (600 ml per day) that helps to cool the body and eliminates small amounts of waste.
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Eccrine sweat glands
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What sudoriferous glands are located mainly in the skin of the axilla, groin, areolae, and bearded facial regions of adult males. They secrete a slightly viscous sweat.
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Apocrine sweat glands
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What releases sweat in response to an emotional stress such as fear or embarrassment. This type of sweating is referred to as emotional sweating or a “cold sweat”.
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Eccrine sweat glands
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The secretory portion of ____ ____ glands is located mostly in the subcutaneous layer, and the excretory duct opens into hair follicles, with sweat secreted during emotional stress and sexual excitement.
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apocrine sweat
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Much of body odor is due to?
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apocrine sweat.
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Nails are composed of hard, keratinized epidermal cells located over the dorsal surfaces of the ends of fingers and toes. Nail structures include?
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Free edge,
Transparent nail body (plate) with a whitish lunula at its base, and Nail root embedded in a fold of skin |
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The six functions of the skin are?
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Thermoregulation, Blood Reservoir, Protection, Cutaneous Sensations, Excretion and Absorption, and Synthesis of Vitamin D.
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Cutaneous sensations are sensations that arise in the skin, including tactile sensations of?
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Touch, Pressure, Vibration, and Tickling.
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Thermal sensations in the skin include?
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warmth cooling and pain.
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