Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
131 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Chlordiazepoxide
|
long acting BZD
|
|
|
Clorazepate
|
long acting BZD
|
|
|
Diazepam
|
long acting BZD
|
|
|
Flurazepam
|
long acting BZD
|
|
|
Prazepam
|
long acting BZD
|
|
|
Temazepam
|
short acting BZD
|
|
|
Triazolam
|
short acting BZD
|
|
|
Lorazepam
|
short acting BZD
|
|
|
Oxazepam
|
short acting BZD
|
|
|
Alprazolam
|
short acting BZD
|
|
|
Phenobarbital
|
long acting barbiturate
|
|
|
Thiopental
|
ultra-short acting barbiturate
|
|
|
Pentobarbital
|
intermediate acting barbiturate
|
|
|
Secobarbital
|
intermediate acting barbiturate
|
|
|
4 Non-BZD Non-barbituric for anxiety & sleep disorders
|
Buspirone Antihistamines beta-blockers Zolpidem
|
|
|
Imipramine
|
TCA
|
|
|
Amitriptyline
|
TCA
|
|
|
Desipramine
|
TCA
|
|
|
Nortriptyline
|
TCA
|
|
|
Doxepin
|
TCA
|
|
|
Protriptyline
|
TCA
|
|
|
Clomipramine
|
TCA
|
|
|
Bupropion
|
heterocyclic
|
|
|
Venlafaxine
|
heterocyclic
|
|
|
Trazodone
|
heterocyclic
|
|
|
Fluoxetine
|
SSRI
|
|
|
Sertraline
|
SSRI
|
|
|
Paroxetine
|
SSRI
|
|
|
Fluvoxamine
|
SSRI
|
|
|
Phenelzine
|
MAOI
|
|
|
Isocarboxazide
|
MAOI
|
|
|
Tranylcypromine
|
MAOI
|
|
|
Chlorpromazine
|
low potency APD
|
|
|
Thioridazine
|
low potency atypical APD
|
|
|
Haloperidol
|
high potency APD
|
|
|
Clozapine
|
medium potency atypical APD
|
|
|
Risperidone
|
high potency atypical APD
|
|
|
Olanzapine
|
high potency atypical APD
|
|
|
Lithium
|
mood stabilizing drug
|
|
|
Carbamazepine
|
anti-convulsant anti-manic mood stabilizing
|
|
|
Valproic acid
|
anti-convulsant anti-manic mood stabilizing
|
|
|
Clonazepam
|
sedative acute anti-manic effects
|
|
|
Phenytoin
|
partial and general ton-clonic anti-seizure
|
|
|
Carbamazepine
|
partial and general ton-clonic anti-seizure
|
|
|
Phenobarbital
|
partial and general ton-clonic anti-seizure
|
|
|
Vigabatrin
|
partial seizures
|
|
|
Lamotrigine
|
partial seizures
|
|
|
Felbamate
|
poorly controlled partial seizures
|
|
|
Gabapentin
|
partial seizures
|
|
|
Topiramate
|
partial and general ton-clonic anti-seizure
|
|
|
Tiagabine
|
anti-seizure
|
|
|
Ethosuximide
|
absence seizures
|
|
|
Valproic acid
|
absence general tonic-clonic
|
|
|
Trimethadione
|
absence seizures
|
|
|
Benzodiazepines
|
anti-seizure
|
|
|
Pregabalin
|
partial seizures
|
|
|
Levadopa
|
parkinson’s
|
|
|
Bromocriptine
|
DA-receptor agonist
|
|
|
Pergolide
|
DA-receptor agonist
|
|
|
Pramipexole
|
DA-receptor agonist
|
|
|
Ropinirole
|
DA-receptor agonist
|
|
|
Selegiline
|
MAOI for Parkinson’s
|
|
|
Trihexyphenidyl
|
muscarnic receptor antagonist (parkinson’s)
|
|
|
Benztropene mesylate
|
muscarnic receptor antagonist (parkinson’s)
|
|
|
Diphenhydramine
|
muscarnic receptor antagonist (parkinson’s)
|
|
|
Amantadine
|
antiviral parkinson’s drug
|
|
|
Tolcapone
|
COMT inhibitor (parkinson’s)
|
|
|
Entacapone
|
COMT inhibitor (parkinson’s)
|
|
|
Halothane
|
liquid inhalation general anesthetic
|
|
|
Enflurane
|
liquid inhalation general anesthetic
|
|
|
Isoflurane
|
liquid inhalation general anesthetic
|
|
|
Desflurane
|
liquid inhalation general anesthetic
|
|
|
Sevoflurane
|
liquid inhalation general anesthetic
|
|
|
Nitrous oxide
|
gas inhalation general anesthetic
|
|
|
thiopental
|
intravenous barbiturate general anesthetic
|
|
|
diazepam
|
intravenous BZD general anesthetic
|
|
|
lorazepam
|
intravenous BZD general anesthetic
|
|
|
midazolam
|
intravenous BZD general anesthetic
|
|
|
morphine
|
intravenous narcotic general anesthetic
|
|
|
fentanyl
|
intravenous narcotic general anesthetic
|
|
|
Ketamine
|
dissociative intravenous general anesthetic
|
|
|
Droperidol
|
“others” intravenous general anesthetic
|
|
|
Etomidate
|
“others” intravenous general anesthetic
|
|
|
Innovar
|
droperidol [potent antipsychotic agent] + fentanyl (intravenous general anesthetic)
|
|
|
Propofol
|
“others” intravenous general anesthetic
|
|
|
6 catagories of intravenous anesthetics
|
Barbiturates; BZD; narcotics; propofol; ketamine; others
|
|
|
4 stages of anesthesia
|
analgesia; excitement; surgical anesthesia; medullary depression
|
|
|
Two most reliable indications for stage III
|
loss of eyelash reflex; regular respiratory pattern
|
|
|
5 pharmacokinetic factors affecting induction of inhaled anesthesia
|
concentration of gas; pulmonary ventilation; blood solubility; pulmonary blood flow; arteriovenous concentration gradient
|
|
|
5 pharmacokinetic factors affecting elimination of inhaled anesthesia
|
blood:gas coefficient;
pulmonary blood flow; pulmonary ventilation; solubility in different tissues; rate of drug elimination and metabolism |
|
|
6 groups of preanesthetic medications
|
Barbiturates; BZD; penothiazines; narcotics; anti-cholinergics; muscle relaxants
|
|
|
Cocaine
|
ester local anesthetic
|
|
|
Procaine
|
short-acting ester local anesthetic
|
|
|
Tetracaine
|
long-acting ester local anesthetic
|
|
|
Benzocaine
|
ester local anesthetic
|
|
|
Lidocaine
|
intermediate-acting amide local anesthetic
|
|
|
Mepivacaine
|
intermediate-acting amide local anesthetic
|
|
|
Bupivacaine
|
long-acting amide local anesthetic
|
|
|
Cell types with H1 receptors
|
endothelial cells; smooth muscle cells; brain
|
|
|
H1 receptor activation results
|
increase in phosphoinositol hydrolysis and intracellular calcium
|
|
|
Cell types with H2 receptors
|
gastric mucosa; cardiac muscle cells; mast cells
|
|
|
H2 receptor activity results
|
increase cAMP formation
|
|
|
H3 receptor activity results
|
(presynaptic receptor) inhibition of calcium influx = inhibition of transmitter release
|
|
|
Histamine effects in bronchiolar smooth muscle
|
bronchoconstriction mediated by H1
|
|
|
Histamine effects in secretory tissue
|
powerful stimulant of gastric acid secretion mediated by H2 receptors on gastric parietal cells
|
|
|
Histamine effects in GI tract smooth muscle
|
contraction of intestinal smooth muscle mediated by H1
|
|
|
Histamine effects in nervous system
|
powerful stimulant of sensory nerve endings esp those mediating pain and itching
|
|
|
Chlorpheniramine
|
first gen H1 receptor antagonist
|
|
|
Diphenhydramine
|
first gen H1 receptor antagonist
|
|
|
Fexofenadine
|
second gen H1 receptor antagonist
|
|
|
Loratadine
|
second gen H1 receptor antagonist
|
|
|
6 classes of first gen H1 antagonists
|
ethanolamines; ethylenediamines; piperazines; alkylamines; phenothiazines; piperidines
|
|
|
2 classes of second gen H1 antagonists
|
piperidines
|
|
|
4 modulators of stomach gastric acid secretion
|
cephalic-vagal axis; gastric distension; mucosal chemical receptors; presence of acid
|
|
|
Cimetidine
|
imidazole quanidine H2 receptor antagonist
|
|
|
Ranitidine
|
guanidine H2 receptor antagonist
|
|
|
Famotidine
|
H2 receptor antagonist
|
|
|
Nizatidine
|
H2 receptor antagonist
|
|
|
Omeprazole
|
irreversible H+/K+ ATPase inhibitor (gastric proton pump)
|
|
|
Sucralfate
|
mucosal protectant (nonabsorbable aluminum salt of sucrose sulfate)
|
|
|
Colloidal bismuth compounds
|
mucosal protectant
|
|
|
Misoprostol
|
cytoprotective agent
|
|
|
FDA approved method of H. pylori treatment
|
clarithromycin (macrolide) and omeprazole (proton pump inhibitor)
|
|
|
Other H. pylori treatments
|
metronidazole; tetracycline; and/or amoxicillin with a H2 receptor blocker or a proton pump inhibitor
|
|
|
Sulfasalazine
|
drug for inflammatory bowel disease (5-aminosalicylic acid [5-ASA] + sulfapyridine linked by azo bond)
|
|
|
3 types of immunosuppressive agents used in inflammatory bowel disease
|
corticosteroids; cytotoxins; infliximab
|
|
|
Hydrocortisone
|
a corticosteroid used for inflammatory bowel disease
|
|
|
Azathioprine
|
cytotoxin used for inflammatory bowel disease
|
|
|
Mercaptopurine
|
cytotoxin used for inflammatory bowel disease
|
|
|
Cyclosporine
|
cytotoxin used for infammaotry bowel disease
|
|
|
Infliximab
|
monoclonal antibody against TNF-alpha used in inflammatory bowel disease
|
