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8 Cards in this Set
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Antiviral drugs |
1. oseltamivir 2. acyclovir 3. ribavirin 4. interferon alpha |
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Oseltamivir |
antiviral influenza A and B - inhibits release must give within 36-48 hours of illness onset -- shortens duration of symptoms used to prevent flu in high risk pts side effects: nausea and vomiting |
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Acyclovir |
Antiviral nucleosides are phosphorylated within host cells -- inhibit DNA polymerase and viral replication genital/oral herpes infections, herpes encephalitis varicella zoster in children, adults well tolerated when given orally renal toxicity when given at high IV dose |
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Ribavirin |
Antiviral interferes with viral replication by inhibiting synthesis of viral mRNA used orally w/ interferon alpha for hepatitis C used alone by inhalation for RSV pneumonia in children adverse rxn: oral -- hemolytic anemia; inhalation -- respiratory deterioration |
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Interferon alpha |
Antiviral endogenous proteins synthesized by virus-infected cells -- secreted and bind to non-infected cells -- non infected cells then express antiviral proteins that resist viral infection injections (IM, IV, SC) for viral infections, certain cancers, MS used with RIBAVIRIN for hep C adverse rxns: flu like symptoms, can cause behavioral effects (depression) |
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Antiretroviral drugs |
1. reverse transcriptase inhibitors 2. protease inhibitors 3. fusion inhibitors 4. integrase inhibitors |
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Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs) |
Antiretroviral prevent HIV RNA from being transcribed to DNA require phosphorylation by host enzymes to become active adverse rxns: bone marrow suppression, myopathy, lactic acidosis, metabolic disturbances |
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Non-nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NNRTIs) |
Antiretroviral unlike NRTIs -- does not require phosphorylation commonly used w/ 2 NRTIs in a single tablet take 1x/day adverse rxns: dizziness, vivid dreams, skin rash |
