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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the two drugs that only work against influenza A?
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Amantadine and Rimantadine
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How do Amantadine and Rimantadine work?
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They block the M2 ion channel, which keeps the virus from getting acidified and fusing with the host phagolysosomal membrane
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How does influenza A develop resistance to Amantadine and Rimantadine?
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Alteration in the protein that keeps the drug from binding
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How are Amantadine and Rimantadine administered?
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Orally
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How are Amantadine and Rimantadine excreted? What is there half life?
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Renally
Amantadine = 15 hr (little metabolism) Rimantadine = 30 hr (extensive metabolism) |
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What are the adverse effects of Amantadine and Rimantadine?
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GI irritation
CNS effects (can be taken up by CSF) |
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What else is Amantadine used for?
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Treatment of mild Parkinson's
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What are the neuraminidase inhibitors?
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Zanamivir and Oseltamivir
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What do Zanamivir and Oseltamivir act against?
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Influenza A and B
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How do Zanamivir and Oseltamivir work?
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They inhibit neuraminidase, which cleaves newly created virus from the surface of the cell it is leaving. Inhibition keeps the virus from leaving the cell
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What cell structure do Zanamivir and Oseltamivir mimic?
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Sialic acid
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What is the mechanism of virus resistance to Zanamivir and Oseltamivir?
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Mutation in neuraminidase that decreases affinity of drug for enzyme
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How are Zanamivir and Oseltamivir administered?
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Zanamivir - inhalant
Oseltamivir - oral |
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What are the adverse effects of Zanamivir and Oseltamivir?
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Zanamivir - bronchospasm or decline in lung function in patients with pre-existing respiratory disease
Oseltamivir - GI irritation |
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What are the clinical uses of Zanamivir and Oseltamivir?
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Prevention and treatment of influenza A and B (treatment can shorten the course of the disease by 1-2 days)
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