Antiviral Chemotherapy

Front 1

Viral Replication Strategies (Types of Therapies)

Back 1

1-Absorption, penetration, uncoating
2-Replication of nucleic acids
3-integration of the viral genome
4-viral messenger RNA is synthesized
5-Translation of viral messenger RNA
6- Viral Morphogensis

Front 2

Amantidine

Back 2

Blocks uncoating of influenza virus where it is used as treatment and prophylaxis. Side effects include anorexia, peripheral edema, minor CNS effects that include nervousness and anxiety since it crosses Blood Brain Barrier. Stimulates dopamine release. Inhibits the M2 proton channel of the viral envelope.

Front 3

Rimantadine

Back 3

Blocks uncoating of influenza virus where it is used as treatment and prophylaxis. Compared to Amantidine, has less CNS effects. Inhibits the M2 proton channel of the viral envelope.

Front 4

Oseltamivir and Zanamivir

Back 4

Neuroamindase inhibitors which keeps the virus from moving. Works on influenza A and B. Side Effects include nausea, vomiting and headache. Both approved for prophylaxis, neither has FDA approval for this. Zanamivir is inhaled through the nose

Front 5

Acyclovir

Back 5

Inhibitor of viral DNA polymerase after becomes phosphorylated by viral thymindine kinase. Clinical use for herpes, varicella zoster, mucocutaneous. Prophylaxis for genital herpes and HSV encephalitis. Administrated IV, topically, and PO. Side effects include Nausea, CNS toxicity (delirium, tremor), renal insufficiency with IV

Front 6

Ganciclovir

Back 6

Inhibits viral genome by phosphorylation of viral kinase. Clinical use for Cytomegalovirus retinitis, colitis, esophagoitis. Administrated IV for acute treatment and oral for maintenance. Most common adverse effect is bone marrow suppression.

Front 7

Foscarnet

Back 7

Used for patients allergic to Ganciclovir. Inhibits DNA by binding to pyrophosphate site. Adverse effect is reduced renal function

Front 8

Ribavirin

Back 8

Has multiple mechanisms of action for inhibition of viruses. Works against influenza A and B, combination therapy for hepatitis C and the respiratory syncytial virus. Can cause hemolytic anemia. Used as aerosol or oral.