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8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What are the signs and symptoms of Parkinson's Disease?
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Lake of coordination
Bradykinesia Rhythmic tremors Rigidity/weakness Trouble maintaining position or posture problem walking Drooling and affected speech Mask-like expressions |
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What are the antiparkinsonism agents?
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Anticholinergics
Dopaminergics |
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What is the action of the Anticholinergic?
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Block the action of acetylcholine in the CNS to help normalize the acetylcholine-dophamine inbalance.
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What is the action of Dopaminergic?
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1. Increase the levels of dopamine.
2. Directly stimulating the dopamine receptors. |
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What does Levodopa do?
What is Carbidopa? Why are they used together? |
It is a Dopaminergic drug
-Precursor of dopamine that cross the blood-brain barrier, where it converted to dopamine. Dopamine can not be taken directly because it can not cross the blood-brain barrier. -Levodopa & Carbidopa taking together as a fixed-combination drug. Because:1. Carbidopa decrease the Levodopa needed. 2. Levodopa's dosage decreased, reducing side effects. |
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What are the general contraindications of the antiparkinsonism agents?
What are the general adverse reactions of the antiparkinsonism agents? |
Contraindications:
Know allergy GI obstruction |
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What are the muscle relaxants?
What are there differences? What are the common adverse effects? What are the different adverse effects? |
Centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxants:
Baclofen Flexeril Direct-acting skeletal muscle relaxants: (botulinum toxin type) Botox Common adverse effects: Weakness Fatigue Confusion |
One is used for spinal cord injuries or diseases (can cause depression). One directly affecting the peripheral muscle contraction (can not cross blood-brain barrier).
Centrally-acting skeletal muscle relaxants: Headache Drowsiness Nausea Dry mouth Hypotension (common, check BP) Direct-acting skeletal muscle relaxants: GI irritation Enuresis |
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What are the things that you learned about Botox?
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- Injection to the muscle tissue, directly effect the muscle tissue
- It wears off after 3-4 weeks - Prevent muscle movements - Adverse effects: droopy eyelids; headache (give Tylenol) - Dizziness; redness; edema |
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