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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Antineoplastic objectives
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increase patient survival time
improve quality of life, decrease tumor size decrease/prevent metastisis |
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Chemotherapy effective use must
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balance toxicity to cancer cells and normal cells
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Decision of chemo type is based on
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tumor type, malignancy, patient condition, utmor responsiveness, constraints of owner - financial/time/emotional
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Primary toxicities
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Bone marrow suppression
GI disturbances alopecia |
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What drugs should you be concerned about extravasation
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Doxorubicin
Vincristine Vinblastine |
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Mild bone marrow suppression
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L -asparginase
Vincristine |
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Sever bone marrow suppression
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Carmustine
Lomustine |
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Acute toxicities
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GI
allergic reactions anaphylaxis |
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Delayed toxicities
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myelosuppression
Tissue damage alopecia |
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Renal toxicity
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cisplatin
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Cardiac toxicities
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doxorubicin
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CNS toxicity
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5-fluorouracil
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Reasons for therapeutic failure
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Resistance
incorrect dose wrong drug slow growing tumor inability to reach all cancer cell patient toxicity |
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Reasons for resistance
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Alterend ADME
Tumor blood flow Low drug concentration Drug inactiviaton Changes in target receptor Repair of drug induced damage Increased drug efflux |
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Alkylating agents effect what part of the cell cycle
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Non cell cycle specific
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3 types of Alkylating drugs
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Nitrogen Mustards
Nitrosureas Platinum coordination complexes |
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Nitrogen mustard drugs
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Cyclophsophamide
Chlorambucil |
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Nitroureas drugs
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Carmustine, Lomustine
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Platinum coordination complexes
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Cisplatin, Carboplatin
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Cyclophosphamide
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Nitrogen mustard
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Chlorambucil
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Nitrogen mustard
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Carmustine
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Nitrosureas
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Lomustine
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Nitrosureas
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Cisplatin
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Platinum coordination complex
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Carboplatin
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Platinum coordination complex
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Carmustine and Lomustine toxicity
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severe myelosuppression
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Platinum coordination complexes toxicity
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Nephrotoxicity
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Which alkylating drug is contraindicated in cats
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Cisplatin
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Antimetabolites effect what cell cycle?
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S phase
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Anitmetabolities include what 2 categories
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Folic Acid analogs
Pyrimidine analogues |
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Folic Acid analogs
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Methotrexate
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Methotrexate
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Folic acid analogs
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Folic Acid MOA
Tox |
Inhibits dihydrofolate reductase
Myelosuppression Must be actively transported |
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Pyrimidine analogs
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5-flurouracil
Cytarabine |
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5-flurouracil MOA/Tox
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inhibit thymidylate synthase
Myelosuppression, crosses to CNS Toxic to cats |
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Cytarabine
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pyrimidine analogs
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Cytarabine MOA
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inhibit DNA synthesis
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natural product antineoplastics
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Vinca alkaloids
Antrhacyclines Enzymes |
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Vinca alkaloids
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Vincristine sulfate
Vinoblastin sulfate |
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vincristine sulfate
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vinca alkaloid
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Vinca alkaloids effect what part of the cell cycle
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M phase
inhibit funciton of microtubules anti-mitotic |
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Anthracyclines effect what part of the cell cycle
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non-cell cycle specific -
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Doxyrubicin
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topoisomerase inhibitors
Anthracyclines |
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Enzymes effect what part of the cell cycle
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G1 phase - RNA/DNA synthesis
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L-asparaginase
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catalyzes hydrolysis of asparagines
Tox: anaphylaxis |
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Cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors
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Piroxicam
unknown method of action Tox: GI effects, nephrotoxicity |
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Toceranib
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Multikinase inhibitor
Binds kinase preventing substrate binding - tumor cell can't proliferate AE: anemia, hypoalbuminemia, renal toxicity |
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Prednisone as antineoplastic
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Glucocorticoid
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