Antineoplastic Drug Quizsccc

Front 1

classification of antineoplastic drugs

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mechanism of action, source, immunostimulants, hormones, antihormones, miscellaneous agents

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all but nitogen mustard may be given orally

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alkylating agents

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interfere with cell division and structure of DNA during dividing and resting stages of the malignent cell cycle

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nitrogen mustard and its derivatives

Front 4

broad spectrum of activity

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nitrogen mustard and its derivatives

Front 5

busulfan

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nitrogen mustard and its derivatives

Front 6

chlorambucil

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nitrogen mustard and its derivatives

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cyclophosphamide

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nitrogen mustard and its derivatives

Front 8

bone marrow depression

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side effect of nitrogen mustard and its derivatives

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Hematologic malignancies, breast, lung, ovarian tumors

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uses for nitrogen mustard and its derivatives

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may inhibit essential enzymatic reactions of cancer cells

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Nitrosoureas

Front 11

may inhibit essential enzymatic reactions of cancer cells

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nitrosoureas

Front 12

unique in that the high lipid solubility allow them to enter the brain and CSF more effectively than most antineoplastic drugs

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nitrosoureas

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uses are GI, lung and brain tumors

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nitrosoureas

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side effects are delayed bone marrow depression, w/ maximum leukopenia and thrombocytopenia occurring 5 -6 wks after admininstration

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nitrosoureas

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inhibit DNA synthesis

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Platinum compounds

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platinum compounds: name two examples

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Cisplatin and Carboplatin

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uses are bladder, cervix, esophagus, heand and neck, lung, prostate and testes, lymphomas, multiple myleloma, osteosarcoma

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Cisplatin

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Side effects of Cisplatin

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renal, neurologic and otologic damage

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used for endometrial and ovarian carcinomas

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Carboplatin

Front 20

side effect of administration is bone marrow depression

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Carboplatin

Front 21

Class of drugs similar to needed nutrients of the cells

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Antimetabolites

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Class of drugs that enter, then deprive the cell of necessary substances or cause formation of abnorman DNA, killing the cell

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Antimetabolites

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Antimetabolite-folic acid antagonist

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methotrexate

Front 24

Antimetabolite-purine antagonists

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mercaptopurine

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Antimetabolite-purine antagonists

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thioguanine

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5FU

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pyramidine antagonists, antimetabolite

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floxuridine

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pyramidine antagonists, antimetabolite

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cyterabine

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inhibitor of DNA polymerase, antimetabolite

Front 29

used for all kinds of cancers

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antimetabolites

Front 30

used in smaller doses for rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and multiple sclerosis

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Antimetabolites

Front 31

blocks folate and enzymes essential for cancer cell reproduction and may also increase blood levels of homocycteine

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Pemetrexed/Alimta

Front 32

Pts on this antimetabolite should be treated with folic acid and vit. B12 supplements to reduce homocycteine levels

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Pemetrexed/Alimta

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side effects are bonemarrow depression, GI tract, hair follicles

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antimetabolites

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exert their effects by inhibiting cell division (antimitotic)

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Plant alkaloids

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Treats small-cell lung cancer and unresponsibe testicular cancer

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Etoposide (Plant Alkaloids)

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plant alkaloid used for Childhood Acute Lymphocytic leukemia

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Teniposide

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Plant alkaloid used for breast cancer

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Taxol

Front 38

plant alkaloid used for breast cancer, side effects: neutropenia, neurotoxicity

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Taxol

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plant alkaloid used for hodgkin's disease, choriocarcinoma

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Vinblastine and
vincristine

Front 40

plant alkaloid used for testicular cancer

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Vinblastine

Front 41

plant alkaloid used for acute lymphoblastic leukemia, non-hodgkin's lymphoma, oat cell carinoma of the lung and Wilm's tumor

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Vincristine

Front 42

plant alkaloid used for non-small cell lung cancer

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Vinorelbine

Front 43

Too toxic to be used as an anti-infective

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Antitumor Antibiotics

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toxic effects: bone marrow depression, cardiotoxicity, and pulmonay toxicity

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antitumor antibiotics

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Give IV---may cause necrosis to the tissues if extravasation occurs

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antitumor antibiotics

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Bleomycin

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antitumor antibiotics

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dactinomycin

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antitumor antibiotcs

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caunorubicin

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antitumor antibiotics

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doxorubicin

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antitumor antibiotics

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itomycin

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antitumor antibiotics

Front 51

toxic effects: bone marrow depression, cardiotoxicity, and pulmonary toxicity

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antitumor antibiotics

Front 52

alter the hornonal environment that promotes cancer growth

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hormones and hormone inhibitors

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sex hormones used for cancer of the sex organ such as prostate and breast

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estrogens, progestins, androgens

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Suppress formation of lymphocytes and are used for acute leukemia in children and malignant lymphoma and complications of cancer, such as intracranial metastases and hypercalcemia

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Adrenal corticosteroids

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competes with estrogen for binding sites in breast tissue

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Tamoxifen

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adrenocorticosteroid-inhibiting agent that produces a "medical adrenalectomy"

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Aminoglutethimide

Front 57

Inhibit testosterone secretion in advanced prostatic cancer

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Goserelin and leuprolide

Front 58

Bind to androgen receptor in cells of the prostate gland and block hormonal stimulant of malignant cell growth

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Casodex, Eulexin, Niladron

Front 59

Used only for treatment of thyroid cancer

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Radioactive Iodine

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antitumor effect, they combine with growth factor receptors on malignant cell surfaces and inhibit tumor growth. They can also be conjugated with other things to be delivered to specific areas of the body

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Monoclonal antibodies

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work to activate antibody-and complement-mediated cytotoxicity

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Campath and Ritusan

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most common for the 20-30% of women with breast cancer who have excessive HER2 receptors to bind with them-work by binding with growth factor or GF receptors to prevent growth stimulation

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Herceptin

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Biological response modifiers-vaccine for bladder cancer

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bacillus Calmette-Guerin

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AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma, selected leukemia, malignant melanoma and non-hodgkin's lymphoma

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Interferon alfa

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renal cell carcinoma

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Interleukin-2

Front 66

miscellaneous cytotoxic agents used for ALL. watch for anaphylaxis

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L-Asparaginase (Elspar)

Front 67

miscellaneous cytotoxic agent, another formula for those allergic to Elspar

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Pegaspargase/Onscaspar

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Acts in the Sphase of the cell cylcefor leukemia, melanoma and advanced ovarian cancer

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Hydroxyurea

Front 69

used for hodgkin's disease and is an MAO inhibitor. do not give with adrenergic drugs, tricyclic antidepressant or foods high in tyramine

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Procarbazine