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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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name the four major TB drugs
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isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, ethambutol
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list the standard treatment schedule for active TB
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2 months with isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, ethambutol. then,
4 months with isoniazid, rifampin |
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what is the 2nd line TB drug? what class of drug is this? what is its target/MOA? how administered
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streptomycin, aminoglycoside, ribosome (30 S)- AA mistranslation. highly (+) - given IV/IM, thus not too practical for long term treatment. resistance is also fairly common now.
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which TB drugs are NOT hepatotoxic?
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ethambutol, streptomycin
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what "side effect" occurs in all patients on standard active TB treatment?
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orange staining in tears, saliva, urine. caused by Rifampin
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a pt, on active TB treatment, shows peripheral neuropathy. what is the cause and what is the recommendation?
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isoniazid can deplete pyridoxine, vit B6, needed for nerve fxn. treat with B6 vitamins.
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how can rifampin affect nonrelated drugs in vivo?
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rifampin upregulates P450s, leading to faster breakdown of many drugs.
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as TB drugs are hepatotoxic, they are all excreted by the liver. T/F:
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false. isoniazid and pyrazinamide are excreted in the urine.
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why should ethambutol not be given to young kids?
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ethambutol can permanently harm vision, and young kids can't communicate their vision problems.
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drug cocktail for Leprosy?
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Dapsone, Rifampin, Clofazimine
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20% of pts on isoniazid have this side effect (not hepatotoxicity)
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develop anti nuclear antibody, i.e. lupus-like syndrome
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40% of pts on pyrazinamide have this side effect (not hepatotoxicity)
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arthralgia
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