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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the typical mycobacterial infections?
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mycobacterium tuberculosis, mycobacterium leprae (leprosy)
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What is the most potent antimycobacterial drug?
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Isoniazid (INH)
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What are the characteristics of Isoniazid?
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- used in prevention
- bacteriostatic and bacteriocidal |
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What is the most dangerous side effect of Isoniazid?
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hepatotoxicity and INH induced hepatitis
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What is the most active drug used to treat leprosy?
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Rifampin
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How does Rifampin work?
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- interacts with beta subunit to inhibit RNA synthesis (specific for prokaryotes)
- bacteriocidal |
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What is a strange side effect of Rifampin?
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turns secretions orange-red
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What are the characteristics of Pyrazinamide?
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- bacteriocidal
- gout - liver dysfunction |
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What are the characteristics of Ethambutol?
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- bacteriostatic
- penetrates CNS |
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What can Ethambutol specifically be used for given its ability to penetrate the CNS?
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TB meningitis
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What are the ocular side effects of Ethambutol?
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- optic neuritis
- diminished VA - color vision loss |
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How long are mycobacterial infections treated?
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6-24 months
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What is the treatment course for leprosy?
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Dapsone, Clofazimine, and Rifampin for 6-24 mos
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What are the characteristics of Dapsone?
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- bacteriostatic
- PABA antagonist (inhibits folate synthesis) |
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What are the characteristics of Clofazimine?
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- inhibits template function
- red-brown discoloration of skin |
