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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are antihyperlipidemics used for?
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used to treat hyperlipidemia
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What are the classes of antihyperlipidemics?
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HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (Statins)
Bile Acid sequestrants Nicontinic Acid/ Niacin/ Vitamin B3 |
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What are the important drugs under the Statin class?
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Lipitor
Lescol Mevacor Pravachol Crestor Zocor |
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What are Statins used for?
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used to decrease high blood lipid levels when lifestyle changes fail
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What is the Statins mechanism of action?
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inhibits cholesterol production in the liver by interfering w/ an enzyme used to synthesize cholesterol
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What effect do Statins have?
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decrease LDLs, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and increase HDLs
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When should a pt take Statins?
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in the pm
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What are the contraindications for Statins?
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pregnancy
breastfeeding active liver disease |
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What are the interactions with Statins?
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large amounts of grapefruit juice
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What are the side/adverse effects of Statins?
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abd. cramps, constipation, diarrhea, flatus, heartburn, elevated liver enzymes
myopathies, rhandomyolysis( skeletal muscle breaks down) |
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Before or after giving a Statin what would you assess for?
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muscle pain or weakness
etoh abuse and liver disease |
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After giving Statin what would you monitor?
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liver function tests
triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL, and HDL |
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If taking a Statin what would you want your pt to report?
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muscle pain or weakness
pregnancy |
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If taking a Statin what would you want your pt to avoid?
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large amounts of grapefruit juice
etoh |
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How can pts taking Statin decrease their chances of GI side effects?
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by taking the Statin with food
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What is the important drug under the Bile acid resins class?
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Welchol
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What is the bile acid resins mechanism of action?
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binds to bile acids (which contain high amounts of cholesterol) making the complex too large to be absorbed by the intestine and so cholesterol is excreted in feces
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What is the effect of bile acid resins?
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decreases LDL and cholesterol, increases HDL and triglycerides
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What is a contraindication for using bile acid resins?
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bowel obstruction
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What are the side effects of bile acid resins?
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flatus, bloating, NVD, abd. pain, constipation, decreased absorption of fat-soluble vitamins
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If a pt is taking bile acid resins when should they take other meds?
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4-6 after or 1 hr before the bile acid resins
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When should a pt take bile acid resins?
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before meals
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How can a pt taking bile acid resins prevent constipation?
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increase fluids and fiber
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What should a pt taking bile acid resins also take daily?
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multivitamin
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What should a pt report if they're on bile acid resins?
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jaundice
black tarry stool or abd. bleeding severe constipation flatus nausea heartburn |
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What is the drug under the Nicotinic acid class?
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Niacin (high dose of B3)
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What is Nicotinic acid used for?
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used for pts that cannot tolerate statins
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What is the effect of Nicotinic acid?
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decreases triglycerides and LDL, increases HDL
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Who should be at caution if taking Nicotinic acid?
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diabetes, gout, PUD
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What are the side effects of Nicotinic acid?
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ND, increased blood sugar, uric acid, hepatotoxicity, pruritis, and flushing
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How can a pt taking Nicotinic acid help with the pruritis and flushing?
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taking ASA 30 mins before med
taking med w/ cold water |
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What other antihyperlipidemic should not be taking with Fibric acid agents?
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Statins
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