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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the polyenes?
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Polyenes (Amphotericin and Nystatin) are characterized by a conjugated double bond system w a macrolide ring
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What makes the polyenes selctive?
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Amphotericin B and Nystatin have a higher affinity for ERGOSTEROL than for cholesterol and are therefore selective for fungal membranes
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Which polyene is more potent?
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AMphotericin B is 6X more potent than Nystatin and is soluble enough to be administered IV.
Nephrotoxicity |
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How do the AZOLES work?
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inhibition of 14-alfa-demethylase, a CYP450 involved in ergosterol synthesis.
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What are the 3 things you NEED to know about the various AZOLES?
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ITRACONAZOLE- oral tx of nail infection, DOC for dermatophytoses and onychomycosis
VORICONAZOLE- DOC invasive aspergillosis FLUCONAZOLE- good CNS penetration, superior for tx of AIDS assoc Cryptococcal meningitis |
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What is he one allylamine we study?
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TERBINAFINE
by inhibiting fungal squalene epoxidase the effect is two fold: 1)inhibit membrane synthesis 2)toxic buildup of squalene |
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What is the ONLY approved drug for the topical tx of dermatophyte infections of hair and nails?
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Ciclopirox olamine!
a pyridone antifungal agent that inhibits the uptake of extracellular nutrients |
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Why is flucytosine used almost exclusively with Amphotericin B?
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bc clinical resistance occurs frequently
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What major pathogen is GRISEOFULVIN not effective against?
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Candida infections
insoluble cmpd effective in tx of fungal infections of skin, hair and mails caused by Epidermophyton, Microsporum, and Trichophyton. |
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What is important to know about Griseofulvin?
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it is virtually INSOLUBLE in H2O and is more readily absorbed if taken w a fatty meal
Absorption from gut is inhibited by barbituates |
