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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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AEDs that block repetitive firing of Na action potentials
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Phenytoin
Carbamazepine Lamotrigine |
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AEDs that block sustained depolarization
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Topiramate
Levetiracetam Tiagabine Gabapentin |
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AED's for generalized seizures
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Ethosuximide
Valproic acid Lamotrigine |
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Phenytoin
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Dilantin (controlled release)
Blocks repeat AP's for focal seizures Tough to administer Non-linear kinetics Metabolized be P450 in liver Dose changes must be monitored and patient educated to signs of OD |
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Toxicity of phenytoin
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ataxia, nystagmus and lethargy
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Idiosyncratic side effects of phenytoin
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Rashes, Steven Johnson sndrome and hepatitis
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side effects of chronic phenytoin administration
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gingivival hyperplasion
coarsening of facial features hirsuitism not used for kids |
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caused coarsening of facial feature and hirsuitism limiting its use in children
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phenytoin
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pregnancy and phenytoin
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can cause any number of birth defects. women of child bearing potential need to be on folate and drug stopped if pregnant
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carbamazepine
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like phenytoin
needs to be dosed over long period b/c it induces its own metabolism safe for kids |
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drug of choic for partial seizures, especially in kids
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carbamazepine
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unique, dangerous side effects of carbamazepine
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leukopenia
aplastic anemia |
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AED that may cause leukopenia or aplastic anemia
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carbamazepine
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Its metabolism is inhibited by valproic acid and this interaction may produce rash and Steven's Johnson Syndrome
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Lamotrigine
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Lamotrigine
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like phenytoin with addition action on potassium channels
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Used for partial seizures and seizures of Lennox-Gastaut syndrome
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Lamotrigine
Tompiramate |
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Good drug for patients refractory to AED's or with liver dysfunction
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Levetiracetam
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Absences seizures
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Ethosuximide
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Ethosuximide
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Very safe drug for absence seizures that blocks Ca channels, not Na or GABA
Long half live, metabolized in the liver |
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Valporic acid
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Does it all for men
Side effects for women and a teratogen Acts on all receptors Dose dependent thrombocytopenia and elevation of liver enzymes |
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Causes does dependent elevation of liver enzymes and thrombocytopenia
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Valproic acid
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Can cause idiosyncratic fulminating hepatitis
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Valproic acid
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Tx for status epilepticus
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Start with Lorazepam immediately
Try fophenytoin If not, phenobarbital if not, midazolam, propofol, or pentobarbital |
