Antidepressants Exam 3

Front 1

Biogenic amine theory states that clinically useful antidepressant drugs work by potentiating the actions of ___ and ___

Back 1

Norepinephrine and/or serotonin

Front 2

Side effects such as orthostatic hypotension, dry mouth, and blurred vision are seen with what antidepressant drugs

Back 2

TCAs

Front 3

These drugs have little blocking activity at muscarinic, alpha-adrenergic, and histaminic H1 receptors

Back 3

SSRIs

Front 4

What are DOC for treating depression

Back 4

SSRIs

Front 5

SSRIs typically take ____ weeks to produce improvement in modd, and maximum benefit may require ____ weeks

Back 5

2 and 12

Front 6

What psychiatric disorders respond well to SSRis

Back 6

OCD, Panic ds, generalized anxiety, premenstrual dysphoric ds, and bulimia

Front 7

What side effects can SSRI cause

Back 7

sexual dysfunction and sleep disturbances

Front 8

These two SSRIs are sedating and can be used in pts who have difficulty sleeping

Back 8

Paroxetine and fluvoxamine

Front 9

This SSRI is more activating and can be used in pts who are fatigued

Back 9

Fluoxetine

Front 10

Loss of libido and anorgasmia are potential side effects of these antidepressants

Back 10

SSRIs

Front 11

This SSRI has been shown to have less sexual side effects than others

Back 11

bupropion

Front 12

Men with erectile dysfunction and depression may be treated with these 2 drugs

Back 12

sildenafil, vardenafil

Front 13

Why should antidepressants be used cautiously in children

Back 13

b/c 1/50 children become more suicidal

Front 14

All SSRIs in combination with these drugs have the potential to cause serotonin syndrome

Back 14

MAOIs

Front 15

What characterizes serotonin syndrome

Back 15

hyperthermia, muscle rigidity, muscle twitching, change in mental status

Front 16

Name 2 serotonin/norepinephrine re-uptake inhibitors (SNRIs)

Back 16

Venlafaxine and duloxetine

Front 17

These 2 classes of antidepressants are often effective in relieving neuropathic pain

Back 17

SNRIs and TCAs

Front 18

Name the atypical antidepressants

Back 18

bupropion
mirtazapine
nefazodone
trazodone

Front 19

This atypical antidepressant acts at an unidentified site and decreases the craving of nicotine

Back 19

bupropion

Front 20

This atypical antidepressant has potent antihistaminic activity and is markedly sedating, used to advantage in depressed pts with difficulty sleeping

Back 20

Mirtazapine

Front 21

T or F: TCAs block norepinephrine and serotonin uptake into the neuron

Back 21

TRUE

Front 22

T or F: Blockage of serotonergic, alpha-adrenergic, histaminic, and muscarinic receptors by TCAs is responsible for the unwanted effects of TCAs

Back 22

TRUE

Front 23

This TCA has been used to treat chronic pain (neuropathic)

Back 23

Amitryptyline

Front 24

Blockade of these receptors lead to blurred vision, xerostomia, urinary retention, constipation, and aggravation of glaucoma

Back 24

Acetylcholine receptors

Front 25

Blockade of these receptros causes orthostatic hypotension and reflex tachycardia

Back 25

Alpha adrenergic

Front 26

T or F: Weight gain is a common side effect of TCAs

Back 26

TRUE

Front 27

T or F: TCAs have a narrow therapeutic index

Back 27

TRUE

Front 28

T or F: TCAs should be used with caution in manic-depressive pts b/c they may unmask manic behavior

Back 28

TRUE

Front 29

These enzymes function as a "safety valve" to inactivate any excess neurotransmitter molecules (NE, dopamine, and serotonin)

Back 29

MAO

Front 30

What 2 MAOIs are currently available for treatment

Back 30

Phenelzine (Nardil) and Tranylcypromine (Paruate)

Front 31

T or F: Use of MAOIs is now limited due to the complicated dietary restrictions required

Back 31

TRUE

Front 32

MAOIs catalyze deamination of this toxic substance, found in certain foods

Back 32

Tyramine

Front 33

T or F: Antidepressant action of MAOIs is delayed several weeks

Back 33

TRUE

Front 34

When are MAOIs indicated?

Back 34

when depressed pts are unresponsive or allergic to TCAs

Front 35

Tyramine is found in these foods

Back 35

aged cheese, beer, red wine

Front 36

Side effects of tyramine include

Back 36

tachycardia, HTN, cardiac arrhythmias

Front 37

This drug is helpful in the management of tyramine induced HTN

Back 37

Prazosin

Front 38

Since MAOIs and SSRIs should not be coadministered, What is the wash-out period before the other drug may be administered

Back 38

Six weeks

Front 39

This drug is used prophylactically for tx manic-depressive pts and manic episodes

Back 39

Lithium salts

Front 40

T or F: mode of action of lithium salts is unknown

Back 40

TRUE

Front 41

T or F: Lithium salts are are not toxic and have a high therapeutic index

Back 41

False: they are very toxic and have a very low therapeutic index

Front 42

What are the side effects of lithium salts

Back 42

ataxia, tremors, and convulsions

Front 43

T or F: Lithium causes no noticeable effect on normal individuals, it's not a sedative, euphoriant, or depressant

Back 43

TRUE

Front 44

Which antiepileptic drugs have been shown to alleviate some symptoms of mania

Back 44

carbamazepine and valproic acid