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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How do ADDs modulate monoamine transmission?
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By increasing synaptic transmitter concentrations and desensitizing various monoamine receptors
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What is the MONOAMINE RECEPTOR HYPOTHESIS?
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Changes in biogenic amine receptor fxn, rather than in absolute transmitter levels, are the underlying cause of depression.
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What besides monoaminergic transmission is dysregulated in depression?
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The HPA axis
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What inhibits the HPA axis?
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The hippocampus
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What excites the HPA axis?
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The amygdala
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How does stress-induced elevation of glucocorticoid levels affect the fxn of the hippocampus?
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It can cause hippocampal dysfunction and famage, with further increases circulating glucocorticoid levels.
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What is BDNF?
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BDNF (brain derived neurotropic factor) provides trophic support of hippocampal neurons.
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What effect do ADDs have on BDNF levels?
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they increase the hippocampal BDNF expression.
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What is the role of the ventral tegmental area (VTA)?
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It mediates rewarding responses to external stimuli.
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What are the fxns of D1 and 5 receptors?
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They ↑ the level of cAMP, whereas D2-4 ↓ intracellular cAMP.
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What do D2 receptors do?
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They ↑ K+ channel conductance and ↓ Ca2+ channel conductance.
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How is 5HT3 different from the other 13 receptors?
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Only 5HT3 opens a Ca2+ channel while the others activate second messenger cascades.
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What is the fxn of 5HT1A receptors?
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They reduce the firing rate
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What is the fxn of 5HT1D receptors?
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They inhibit the release of 5HT (control the amt. released)
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What are the 6 broad categories of antidepressant drugs?
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Monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors, Tri- and Tera-cyclic antidepressants (TCAs), SSRIs, Second generation atypical antidepressants, third generation heterocyclics, and mood stabilizers.
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