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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Phenobarbitol
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Increases GABA and decreases Ca
Induces cytP450 Primarily used for GTC seizures Can causes cognitive deficits in children |
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Phenytoin
Fosphenytoin (IV) |
Decreases Na permeability
Gingival Hyperplasia Dose related nystagmus and ataxia Fetal Anticonvulsant Syndrome Nonlinear metabolism- hard to dose Contraindicated in Absence Seizures Induces Cyt P450 and increases metabolism of APs |
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Carbamazepine
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Decreases Na Permeability
GI, visual and hematologic side effects (leukopenia-CBC regularly) Autoinduces its metabolism Also for Trigem Neuralgia and Bipolar |
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Sodium Valproate
Divalproex |
Increases GABA and inhibits ion channels
Weight Gain, Alopecia, and Hepatotoxicity Metabolic effects Fetal Anticonvulsant Syndrome |
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Ethosuximide
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First line for Absence Seizures
Blocks T Type Ca channels Also inhibits NADH Aldehyde Reductase |
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Diazepam
Lorazepam |
Increase GABA
For Status and Alcohol WD Not effective for long |
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Clonazepam
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Increases GABA
For Lennox Gastaut, Myoclonic and Akinetic seizures |
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Felbamate
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Decrease Glutamate via NMDA
Adjuct therapy: Lennox Gastaut and Partial seizures Life threatening SEs: Aplastic anemia and hepatotoxicity |
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Lamotrigine
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Inhibits Na channels
Approved for use in refractory patients with Partial seizures Microbilliform Rash can progress to Stevens Johnson Syndrome (Don't combine with Na Valproate) |
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Gabapentin
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Adjunct for partial seizures
Increases GABA Eliminated by kidneys so few drug reactions Also for peripheral neuropathy |
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Pregabalin
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Adjunct for partial seizures
More potent alternative to Gabapentin Binds Ca channel to decrease influx |
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Topiramate
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Approved monotherapy for new patients with Partial seizures
Increases GABA and decreases Glu via AMPA Weak inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase: Kidney Stones |
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Tiagabine
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Adjunct for partial seizures
Increases GABA May increase non-epileptic seizures Spike Wave Stupor |
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Levetiracetam
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Adjunct for partial seizures
Binds synaptic vesicular protein and modifies release of GABA and Glu |
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Zonisamide
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Adjunct for partial seizures
Inhibits Na channels Kidney Stones |
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Lacosamide
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Adjunct for partial seizures
Inhibits Na channels PR prolongation |
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Rufinamide
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Adjunct for partial seizures and Lennox Gastaut
Inhibits Na channels QT interval shortening |
