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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the two major types of thrombi
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Red and white
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where do red thrombi tend to occur?
A -- Atria (atrial fibrillation) B -- Arteries (MI) C -- Veins (DVT) |
A -- Atria
C -- Veins |
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where do white thrombi tend to occur?
A -- Atria (atrial fibrillation) B -- Arteries (MI) C -- Veins (DVT) |
B -- Arteries
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What is the main difference between the pharmacological treatment of STEMI and NSTEMI?
A - use of anticoagulants B - use of antiplatelets C - Use of thrombolytics |
C -- Use of thrombolytics
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What will happen to the platelet count with HIT type II?
A - go up B - go down |
B -- go down
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what is the predominant clinical presentation with HIT type II?
A - excessive bleeding B - thrombosis |
B -- thrombosis
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Should you give enoxaparin (LMWH) to a patient who has HIT?
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NO
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What happens if vitamin K stays in the oxidized form?
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cannot carboxylate Factors II VII, IX, X, or protein C/S
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Why does it take so long to get a peak anticoagulant effect of warfarin?
A - warfarin has a long half life B - poor bioavailability of warfarin C - Long half life of preexisting clotting factors D - Rapid loss of protein C and protein S |
C - Long half life of preexisting clotting factors
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How would you use heparin and warfarin to anticoagulate a person who develops a DVT?
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start both -- heparin has an immediate effect and warfarin has a delayed effect
---- stop heparin treatment when INR is in the corect range (takes about 5 days) |
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A patient is scheduled for an angioplasty. What anticoagulant may be administered just prior to the procedure?
A - Aspirin B - Bivalirudin C - Enoxaparin D - Warfarin E - unfractionated heparin |
B -- Bivalirudin
C -- Enoxaparin (LMWH) E -- UFH |
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What anticoagulant can be used in a pregnant woman with a prosthetic heart valve?
A - heparin for 9 months B - warfarin for 9 months C - heparin for 3 months then warfarin for 6 months |
Decision is up to the patient -- you tell them the pros and cons and let them choose as to what they want to do [A - C are youre potential options]
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A 47-yar old male with a history of atrial fibrillation that is being treated with metoprolol and warfarin presents to the ED with a nose bleed. His INR is measured at 9.3 (normal 2-3). How can you stop the bleeding (stop/counteract the effects of warfarin)
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1 -- give them Vitamin K
2 -- give them clotting factors (frozen plasma or prothrombin complex concentration) |
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Do you want to inhibit the production of PGI2 or TxA2?
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TxA2
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Why is cyclooxygenase inhibited for only a short time in endothelial cells and forever in the platelet?
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because platelets dont possess a nucleus
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What about other NSAIDs, like ibuprofen -- how do they act?
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Reversibly inhibit COX 1 & 2
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what dose aspirin should you use , high dose or low dose?
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Low dose -- there is no added benefit in using high doses
-- high doses actually increase the risk of adverse effects |
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Which of the following agents may be used for the secondary prevention of an acute MI
A - Abciximab B - Aspirin C - Clopidogrel D - Dalteparin |
B -- Aspirin
C -- Clopidogrel |
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Which of the following agents may be used to prevent thrombosis during PCI?
A - Abciximab B - Aspirin C - Clopidogrel D - Dalteparin E - Warfarin |
A - Abciximab
B - Aspirin C - Clopidogrel D - Dalteparin |
