Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Gemcitibane
|
Pyrimidine Antimetabolite
Inhibits ribonucleotide reductase Inhibits DNA polymerase Incorporated into the DNA and terminates the chain Myelosuppression is dose-limiting |
|
|
Cytarabine
|
Pyrimidine Antimetabolite
Inhibits DNA synthesis BMD is dose-limiting Causes hyperuricemia |
|
|
5-Fluorouracil
Capecitabine |
Blocks conversion of dUMP to TMP
Causes a thymineless death Used to treat basal cell carcinoma, breast cancer, colorectal cancer Toxixities: GI mucositis is limiting with infusion BMD is limiting with IV bolus |
|
|
6-Thioguanine
|
Purine Antimetabolite
Inhibits synthesis of purine nucleotides Used to treat AML, ALL and CML BMD is dose-limiting |
|
|
6-Mercaptopurine
|
Hypoxanthine analog
Inactivated by xanthine oxidase-dose must be lowered when using allopurinol |
|
|
Vincristine
|
MOA: Inhibits microtublule polymerization
Tx: Induces remissions in leukemia Toxicities:Neurological toxicity- peripheral sensory neuropathy Fatal if given intrathecally |
|
|
Vinblastine
|
MOA: Inhibits microtubule polymerization
Tx: Toxicities:Myelosuppression, BMD is dose-limiting in VinBlastine |
|
|
Paclitaxel
|
MOA: Binds to tubulin and hyperstabilizes
Tx: Breast and ovarian cancers Toxicities:Peripheral neuropathy is dose-limiting Also causes BMD |
|
|
MOA: Resembles normal cellular metabolites
Interferes with normal metabolic pathways Tx: Toxicities: |
Antimetabolites
|
|
|
MOA: Alkylates DNA and causes inter and intra strand breaks
Water replaces chloride and creates a reactive molecule Tx: Testicular, ovarian and bladder Toxicities: Severe N&V Nephrotoxicity is dose-limiting Amifostine is a free radical scavenger and is cytoprotective Neurotoxicity- ototoxicity and peripheral and motor neuropathy |
Cisplatin
|
|
|
MOA: Inhibits ribonucleotide redutase
Tx: Melanoma, CML and ovarian cancers Toxicities: Myelosuppression |
Hydroxyurea
|
|
|
MOA: Unique! Causes DNA strand breaks by intercolating into DNA and generating free radicals. DNA fragmentation due to oxidative damage
Tx: Toxicities: Pulomonary toxicty is dose limiting Significant cutaneous toxicity Minimal myelosuppression-useful! Can lead to pulmonary fibrosis |
Bleomycin
|
|
|
MOA: Inhibits Topoisomerase II
Intercalates into DNA and blocks DNA/RNA synthesis Tx: All nonlymphocytic leukemias Resistance is caused by P-glycoprotein Toxicities: BMD is dose limiting Irreversible cardiotoxicity Generates free radicals |
Daunorubicin
|
|
|
MOA: Inhibits Topoisomerase II
Intercalates into DNA and blocks DNA/RNA synthesis Tx: Broad spectrum Resistance is caused by P-glycoprotein Toxicities: BMD is dose limiting Irreversible cardiotoxicity Generates free radicals |
Doxorubicin
|
|
|
Antibiotic
MOA: Binds DNA through intercolation Blocks DNA and RNA synthesis Tx: Toxicities: BMD is dose-limiting Stomatitis Proctitis |
Dactinomycin
|
|
|
MOA: Topoisomerase I inhibitor
Tx: Metastatic colon cancer Toxicities: BMD is dose-limiting Diarrhea is dose-limiting |
Irinotecan
|
|
|
MOA: Topoisomerase I inhibitor
Tx:ovarian, small cell lung cancer Toxicities:BMD is dose-limiting causes neutropenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia |
Topotecan
|
|
|
MOA: Inhibits Topoisomerase II causing strand breaks and apoptosis
Tx: Toxicities: BMD is dose-limiting |
Etoposide
|
|
|
MOA: Binds to tubulin and HYPERSTABILIZES- mitotic spindle can't break down and apoptosis is activated
Tx: Toxicities: Neurotoxicity is dose-limiting Bone marrow depression- neutropenia fluid retention |
Docetaxel
|
|
|
MOA: Form highly reactive alkyl groups
N7 position of guanine is major site Tx: Toxicities: Veno-occlusive disease Strong vesicant properties that can produce ulceration and necrosis |
Alkylating Agents
|
|
|
Nitrogen mustard
MOA: Alkylation of DNA causing excessive cross-linking and strand breaks Tx: Toxicities: BMD is dose-limiting Hemorrhagic cystitis Use Mesna or N-acetylcystine to limit toxicity |
Cyclophosphamide
|
|
|
MOA: Bifunctional alkylators- major action is alkylation of the O6 guanine position.
Spontaneously breaks down to alkylating intermediate Tx: Crosses BBB- useful for treating brain tumors Toxicities: Profound delayed BMD CNS, renal and pulmonary toxicity are dose-limiting |
Carmustine
Lomustine |
|
|
Folic Acid Analog
MOA: Inihibits dihydrofolate reductase- interrupts de novo synthesis of TMP and purine nucleotides Tx: Leukemias, lymphomas, psoriasis, RA, breast cancer Toxicities: BMD is dose-limiting Leucovorin rescue- fully reduced folate coenzyme reduces toxicity in normal cells |
Methotrexate
|
|
|
Which drug should you not use Leucovorin with?
|
5-FU and Capecitabane
|
|
|
Which drug do you use Leucovorin with?
|
Methotrexate
|
