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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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only work on dividing cells
Bind 50s and inhibit translocation and initiation complex |
macrolides
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bind 50s subunit to inhibit translocation and initiation
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lincosamides
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inhibits peptidyl transferase P to A site
Banned in U.S. |
Chloramphenicol (Protein Syth. inhib)
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pseudomonic acid - binds to isoleucine tRNA ligase. Mimics isoleucine and inhibits protein synthesis
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Mupirocin
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binds 50s subunit and inhibits peptidyl transferase
Oyster mushroom derived |
Retapamulin (Peuromutilins)
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Group B - late stage - interferes with peptidyl tRNA positioning needed to form peptides
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quinupristin (streptogram)
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Group A - early stage - inactivates peptidyl donor and acceptor sites from peptidyl transferase
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Dalfopristin (Streptogramin)
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Together these two induce a conformational change in peptidyl transferase complex and increase quinupristin's binding to ribosome
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quinupristin and dalfopristin (synergistic)
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anionic detergent that inserts into cytoplasmic membranes of Gm+ to form nonspecific pores
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Daptomycin (Cyclic Lipopeptide)
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binds to 50s to prevent formation of 70s initiation complex - inhibits translation
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Linezolid (Oxaxolidinones)
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inhibits RNA transcriptino by inhibiting DNA dependent RNA polymerase
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Ansamycins (rifampin, rifabutin, rifapentine, rifaximin)
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inhibits bacterial DNA replication by inhibiting DNA gyrase and topoisomerase 4
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Fluoroquinolones (-floxacin)
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reversible inhibition of protein synthesis
binds 30s and inhibits aminoacyl tRNA to mRNA ribosome complex Blocks A-site but has poor CNS penetration |
Tetracycline (-cycline)
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inhibits tetrahydrofolate syntheis by inhibiting dihydropteroate synthase
mimics PABA competitive inhibitor |
Sulfonamides
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prodrug that generates superoxide anions that react with ribosomal proteins
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Nitrofurantoin
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inhibits phosphoenolpyruvate transferase which is first step of cell wall formation
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Fosfomycin or tromethamine
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inhibits function of AcpM acyl carrier protein needed for synthesis of mycolic acids
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Isoniazid (antimycobacterial)
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inhibits biosynthesis of mycolic acids by inhibitng mycobacterial fatty acid synthesis
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Pyrazinamide (antimycobacterial)
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inhibits arabinosyl transferases req for mycobacterial cell wal synthesis
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ethambutol (antimycobacterial)
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PABA analog that may inhibit folate enzymes
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aminosalicylic acid (antimycobacterial)
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1st line agents for TB
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streptomycin and rifampin
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1st line agents for MAC
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Clarithromycin, azithromycin, and rifabutin
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