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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Natural penicillin V
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B-lactam: Inhibits enzymes required for cell wall biosynthesis.
type of Penicillin: targets gram+, penicillinase sensitive |
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Oxacillin
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B-lactam: Inhibits enzymes required for cell wall biosynthesis.
type of Penicillin: targets gram+, penicillinase resistant |
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Ampicillin
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B-lactam: Inhibits enzymes required for cell wall biosynthesis.
type of Penicillin: targets gram+ and many gram- |
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Carbapenems
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B-lactam: Inhibits enzymes required for cell wall biosynthesis.
exchange a S for a C and a double bond in penicillin structure. Extremely broad spectrum (98% of bacteria tested). |
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Monobactams
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B-lactam: Inhibits enzymes required for cell wall biosynthesis.
type of Penicillin: (single ring) very narrow spectrum affecting only some gram- bacteria (E. coli, and Pseudomonads). |
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Cephalosporins
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B-lactam: Inhibits enzymes required for cell wall biosynthesis.
type of Penicillin: most widely used B-lactam! some narrow spectrum and some broad spectrum. Recognized by some B-lactamases. |
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Vancomycin
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Glycopeptide
bind to terminal D-Ala residues to block cell wall biosynthesis (D-Ala is an amino acid that forms peptides). gram+, narrow spectrum. Very important for MRSA! |
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Isoniazid
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Antimycobacterial antibiotic.
ACID-fast cell wall inhibitors. Acid...Sounds like azid. |
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PolyEnes/Amphotericin B
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Antifungals
inhibit ergosterol synthesis |
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Azoles, Allylamines, and Echinocandins
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Antifungals
inhibit fungal cell wall synthesis |
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Natural penicillin V
|
B-lactam: Inhibits enzymes required for cell wall biosynthesis.
type of Penicillin: targets gram+, penicillinase sensitive |
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|
Oxacillin
|
B-lactam: Inhibits enzymes required for cell wall biosynthesis.
type of Penicillin: targets gram+, penicillinase resistant |
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Ampicillin
|
B-lactam: Inhibits enzymes required for cell wall biosynthesis.
type of Penicillin: targets gram+ and many gram- |
|
|
Carbapenems
|
B-lactam: Inhibits enzymes required for cell wall biosynthesis.
exchange a S for a C and a double bond in penicillin structure. Extremely broad spectrum (98% of bacteria tested). |
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|
Monobactams
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B-lactam: Inhibits enzymes required for cell wall biosynthesis.
type of Penicillin: (single ring) very narrow spectrum affecting only some gram- bacteria (E. coli, and Pseudomonads). |
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Cephalosporins
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B-lactam: Inhibits enzymes required for cell wall biosynthesis.
type of Penicillin: most widely used B-lactam! some narrow spectrum and some broad spectrum. Recognized by some B-lactamases. |
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Vancomycin
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Glycopeptide
bind to terminal D-Ala residues to block cell wall biosynthesis (D-Ala is an amino acid that forms peptides). gram+, narrow spectrum. Very important for MRSA! |
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Isoniazid
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Antimycobacterial antibiotic.
ACID-fast cell wall inhibitors. Acid...Sounds like azid. |
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Polyenes/Amphotericin B
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Antifungals
inhibit ergosterol synthesis |
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Azoles, Allylamines, and Echinocandins
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Antifungals
inhibit fungal cell wall synthesis |
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Tetracyclines/doxycyclin
Aminoglycosides (streptomycins, neomycins, kanamycins) |
Interfer with correct tRNA attachment to codon.
These have side effects because our mitochondria have the same type of 70s ribosomes. |
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Chloramphenicol
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inhibit ribosomal peptide bond formation
broad spectrum |
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Macrolides, Azithromycin, Erythomycin, Streptomycin
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inhibit ribosomal peptide bond formation
narrow spectrum |
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Quinolones, Nalidixic acid
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inhibit DNA gyrase/blocks DNA replication
Great for urinary tract infection |
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Ciprofloxacin
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inhibit DNA gyrase/blocks DNA replication
used for wide variety of diseases (wide spectrum). |
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Rifampicin
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inhibits RNA synthesis
binds to the active site of RNA polymerase |
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Polymyxin B
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plasma membrane injury
DANGEROUS to eukaryotic cells, TOPICAL use only |
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Sulfonamides
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inhibits folic acid synthesis
allergic reactions are common Most common combo is TMP-SMZ which exhibit synergism. |
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Nucleoside analogs
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Acyclovir (most common anti-viral).
Looks like deoxyguanine |
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Idinavir
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Anti-viral:
HIV protease inhibitor |
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Enfuvirtide/Amantadine
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HIV fussion inhibitor
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Raltegravir
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HIV integrase inhibitor
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Zanamivir
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Anti-flu
attachment |
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Amantadine
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Anti-flu
uncoating |
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Imiquimod
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Anti-hepatitis
promotes interferon |
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Chloroquine
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Anti-protazoan
Inhibits DNA synthesis (Malaria) |
