Antibiotics For Gu Infections Das

Front 1

What should be ruled out when you suspect a run of the mill UTI due to E coli?

Back 1

acute urethritis due to N. Gonorrhea, C. trachomatis, or herpes

Front 2

Uncomplicated lower UTI - first line treatment?

What if this treatment fails due to multi-drug resistance or patient allergy?

Back 2

Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (aka co-trimoxazole)

Fluoroquinolones like ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, etc.

Front 3

What drug is very effective against enteroccocus as a cause for a lower UTI?

Back 3

Amoxicillin

Front 4

Co-Trimoxazole:

basic mechanism?
Spectrum?

Back 4

inhibit folate synthesis by mimicking PABA (a component of folate)

Broad spectrum

Front 5

Fluoroquinolones:

name the big ones?
Mechanism?

Back 5

ciprofloxacin, other -oxacins

block bacterial DNA Gyrase activity

Front 6

Side effects of Co-Trimoxazole?(3)

Back 6

Hemolytic Anemia in G6PD deficient pts
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (skin lesions and renal failure - fatal)
Crystalluria

Front 7

Contraindications of Co-Trimoxazole? What to use instead?

Back 7

pregnancy - use amoxicillin or a cephalosporin instead

Front 8

clinical uses of Co-Trimoxazole? (2)

Back 8

cystitis
acute and chronic UTI

Front 9

Spectrum of fluoroquinolones
clinical uses of fluoroquinolones? (2)

Back 9

broad - used for UTI

UTI due to multi-drug resistant pseudomonas
Also Gonococcal and Chlamydial STDs

Front 10

Side effects of fluoroquinolones? (2)

Contraindications? (2)

Back 10

Epigastric pain
Cartilage damage

Pt is <18 y.o.
Pt is pregnant

Front 11

Amoxicillin:

Mechanism?
No good for?
Clinical uses?

Back 11

inhibition of cell wall (peptidoglycan) synth (cidal)

e coli

orally administered w/clavulantate (makes augmentin) for uncomplicated UTI

Front 12

Penicillin:

specifics of excretion by kidneys?
PenG is DOC for?
Ineffective against?

Back 12

10% is filtered at glom.
90% is secreted into the tubule

STD caused by t. Pallidum (syphillis)

Klebsiella, pseudomonas, proteus

Front 13

What are the three relevant cephalosporins for treatment of GU infection?

Back 13

Cefazolin (1st gen)
Cefixime (3rd gen)
Ceftriaxone (3rd gen)

Front 14

clinical use for cefazolin

Back 14

Treat UTI due to E coli and klebsiella in pregnant patients

Front 15

Clinical use for Cefixime and Ceftriaxone?

Back 15

These are the first line drugs for treating gonorrhea

Front 16

Cephalosporin:

mechanism?
Spectrum of 1st gen?
Spectrum of 3 and 4 gen?

Back 16

same as penicillin (inhibits peptidoglycan formation)

1st: great on G+ cocci
3 & 4: great on G-

Front 17

Side effects/contraindications for cephalosporins?

Back 17

anyone who is allergic/hypersensitive

Front 18

Fosfomycin

Mech?
Resistance happens why?
Spectrum?

Back 18

inhibits early bacterial cell wall synth

when the drug isn't transported into the cell via glucose-6-phosphate transporters

Good on G+ and G-

Front 19

Clinical use of Fosfomycin?

Back 19

uncomplicated lower UTI in pregnant women

Front 20

Mechanism of doxyccyline and other tetracyclines?

Back 20

Bind to the 30S ribosome and prevent protein synth. Gets into prok and euk cells, but only euk cells can flush it back out

Front 21

Tetracyclines

spectrum?
Clinical use?

Back 21

broad

DOC for UTI due to chlamydia

Front 22

Tetracyclines

side effects? (2)

contraindications (2)

Back 22

renal toxicity
crosses placenta/cause birth defects

pregnancy and kids under 8 y.o.

Front 23

Aminoglycosides

Name of aminoglycoside relevant to GU infection?
Mech?
Spectrum?

Back 23

gentamicin

inhibits bacterial protein synth

aerobic G- only: requires oxygen dependent transport into cell, so ineffective against anaerobes

Front 24

Toxicities of gentamicin and other aminoglycosides? (4)

Contraindications?

Back 24

Ears
Nerves
Kidneys
Vestibular (balance)

Pregnancy

Front 25

Clinical uses of gentamicin?

Back 25

UTI caused by G- rods like Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Proteus

Front 26

Nitrofurantoin

clinical use? (1)
contraindications? (2)
Side effects (2

Back 26

long term use for chronic UTI, esp for resistant bugs

renal insufficiency
G6PD deficiency

N,V,D
neuropathy and hemolytic anemia in pts w/G6PD deficiency

Front 27

Clotrimazole/Miconazole

Clinical uses?
Mech?
Spectrum?
Side effects?

Back 27

OTC drug for vulvovaginal candidiasis

inhibits ergosterol synth in fungus cells

antifungal

GI disturbance if given orally

Front 28

Acyclovir

Clinical uses?
Mech?

Back 28

DOC for herpes

binds irreversibly to viral DNA template, terminates replication

Front 29

Acyclovir

Side effects/Toxicities (3)

Back 29

GI problem
neurotoxic
causes renal insufficiency

Front 30

Erythromycin

category?
spectrum?
Clinical use?

Back 30

macrolides

pretty broad, lots of G+/G-

UTI due to chlamydia trachomatis

Front 31

Side effects of Erythromycin? (2)

Back 31

GI effects
Liver toxicity

Front 32

What is considered uncomplicated UTI?

Back 32

Community acquired w/female patient who isn't elderly or pregnant (complicated is anything else)

Front 33

Drug protocol for uncomplicated cystitis

Back 33

Try co-trimoxazole first. If the bug is resistant, switch to nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin, or ciproflox.

Front 34

Drug protocol for complicated cystitis (pregnant or G6PD deficient patient)?

Back 34

Use a 1st gen cephalosporin (Cefazolin) instead of co-trimoxazole

Front 35

Prostatitis

80% of cases are due to what bug?

Drug protocol?

Back 35

e coli

use both co-trimoxazole and ciprofloxacin for 4-12 weeks

Front 36

Acute pyelonephritis - drug choices for parenteral treatment? (4)

Back 36

co-trimoxazole
ampicillin
ceftriaxone
aminoglycosides

Front 37

Acute pyelonephritis - drug choices for oral treatment? (2)

Back 37

co-trimoxazole
fluoroquinolones

Front 38

DOC for pregnant woman w/upper UTI infection?

Back 38

erythromycin

Front 39

DOC for treating syphillis (T. pallidum)?

Back 39

PenG

Front 40

Top 2 choices for Gonorrhea?

Back 40

Ceftriaxone
Ciproflox.

Front 41

3 choices for Chlamydia trachomatis?

Back 41

doxycycline
ciprofloxacin
erythromycin

Front 42

Trichomonas infection tx?

Back 42

metronidazole