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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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DNA gyrase inhibitor
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Quinolones
inhibits DNA synthesis |
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DNA dependent-RNA polymerase inhibitor
complexes with the polymerase |
Rifampin
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30S subunit inhibitor
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Tetracyclines
interfere w/ 30S and tRNA binding to mRNA |
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30S initiation complex inhibitor
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Aminoglycosidase
bind and interferes with 70S initiation complex |
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70S inition complex inhibitor
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Chloramphenicol
binds 50S interferes with peptidyl transferase |
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Peptide enlogation inhibitors
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Macrolides, Clindamycin
binds 50S interferes with peptide bond formation |
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What is the most important predictor of response to what is typically empirical antibiotic therapy for respiratory infections?
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The local pattern of antibiotic sensitivities for common pathogens in recent isolates
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report of antibiotic sensitivities
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antibioticogram
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Pneumonia in neonates is caused by... ? which also causes meningitis in very young babies.
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same group B streptococci
E.coli Listeria |
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Treatment of pneumonia in neonates
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ampicillin + cephalosporin
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If neonate is allergic to penicillin, what is treatment for pneumonia?
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Ampicilling + aminoglycoside
occasionally chloramphenicol or meropenem |
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What is the most common organism(s) in children causing pneumonia?
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S. pneumoniae
S. aureus H. influenzae |
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1st line drugs for children's pneumonia
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ceftriaxone
cefuroxime cefotaxime |
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Alternative choices for children's pneumonia after 1st line drugs
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ampicillin +sulbactam
especially if isolates produce beta-lactamase |
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Most common pathogens for community acquired pneumonia...?
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S.pneumoniae
Mycoplasma species Legionella species H. influenzae S. aureus C.pneumoniae various coliform bacterias |
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What to Rx for OUTpatient for pneumonia?
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Macrolide =
- azithromycin - erythromycin - clarithromycin Amoxicillin or even Tetracycline Quinolones - alternatives (d/t fear of resistance) |
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What is the most common organism(s) in children causing pneumonia?
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S. pneumoniae
S. aureus H. influenzae |
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1st line drugs for children's pneumonia
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ceftriaxone
cefuroxime cefotaxime |
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Alternative choices for children's pneumonia after 1st line drugs
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ampicillin +sulbactam
especially if isolates produce beta-lactamase |
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Most common pathogens for community acquired pneumonia...?
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S.pneumoniae
Mycoplasma species Legionella species H. influenzae S. aureus C.pneumoniae various coliform bacterias |
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What to Rx for OUTpatient for pneumonia?
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Macrolide =
- azithromycin - erythromycin - clarithromycin Amoxicillin or even Tetracycline Quinolones - alternatives (d/t fear of resistance) |
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What is the Tx for the INpatient with CA- pneumonia?
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IV - macrolide + cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, ertapenem, or ampicillin is most common
Alternatives - doxycycline + cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, ertapenem, or ampicillin, or respiratory quinolone = levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, gemifloxacin - to cover penicillin resistant S. pneumoniae |
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Streptococcal pharyngitis is most common in... ?
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Children than in infants or adults
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Tracheitis is much more common in
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young children
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Most URT in adults are
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viral
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the most common pathogens for acute sinusitis
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H. influenzae
M.catarrhalis S. pneumonia S. aureus |
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The 1st line tx for uncomplicated patients w/ acute sinusitis?
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amoxicillin
or erythromycin |
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If the organism acquired beta-lactamase, what is the 2nd line therapy for URTI?
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amoxicillin + clavulanate
or anaerobe - clindamycin |
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How to treat fungal sinusitis?
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oral or aerosolized itraconazole
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What ONLY organism in acute pharyngitis need to be treated with antibiotics?
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Group A streptococci
b/c of potential of acute rheumatic fever |
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What is RADT?
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rapid-antigen detection test
for Group A streptococci |
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What is the antibiotics for Group A streptococci?
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Penicillin (ampicillin, amoxicillin)
b/c narrow spectrum and cheap |
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If allergies to penicillin, what to use for Group A streptococcus?
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erythromycin,
but some still choose 1st-generation cephalosporin |
