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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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penicillin drug interactions? |
allopurinol (particularly amoxicillin) MTX (including tazobactam but not c-amoxiclav) |
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cephalosporin SE |
C. difficile infection |
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glycopeptides MOA/SE/uses |
cell wall nephrotoxic ("red man syndrome") first-line for MRSA (BLs are ineffective) |
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affect nucleic acid metabolism |
metronidazole rifampicin quinolones - CI pregnancy, children - SE tendon rupture, seizures |
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what is amoxicillin? |
ß-lactamase susceptiblebroadspectrumpenicillin - drug of choice for Strep - allopurinol interaction (rash) |
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what is flucloxicillin? |
ß-lactamaseresistant penicillin - drug of choice for Staph (not MRSA) - no significant interactions |
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name 2 pencillin x BLase inhibitor combos |
co-amoxiclav tazobactam |
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which cephalosporin is active vs Pseudomonas? |
ceftazidime (3rd gen) |
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which Abx inhibit protein synthesis? |
50S - macrolides (bacteriostatic) - SE prolonged QT (erythromycin), hepatotoxicity, GI 30S - aminoglycosides (bactericidal) - "mop up" microbes in blood e.g. sepsis - SE ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity |
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where do polymixins act? |
cell membrane |
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what are constituents of co-trimoxazole? |
= ANTIFOLATES sulphonamide (DHFSi) trimethoprim (DHFRi) |
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MOA of antifungals? |
polyenes e.g. amphotericin (IV), nystatin (topical) => form membrane pores triazoles => inhibit ergosterol synth e.g. fluconazole (for yeasts only) - SE increases warfarin activity e.g. itra-/vori-/pos-conazole for yeasts + Aspergillus echinocandins => inhibit glucan synth e.g. caspofungin, micafungin (IV only, used for non-Candida albicans) |
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which can't be used in penicillin allergy? |
penicillins cephalosporins carbapenems |
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what is co-amoxiclav used for? |
polymicrobial infections B-lactamase producingGram + and – infections |
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what is tazobactam used for? |
polymicrobial infectionsB-lactamase producing Gram + and – infections Pseudomonas ***taz = 'extended spectrum' penicillin*** |
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what are cephalosporins used for? |
pneumonia serious intra-abdo infections UTIs |
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what are 3rd gen cephalosporins e.g. ceftriaxone used for? |
meningitis + pneumonia |
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what is ceftazidime used for? |
active vs Pseudomonas, so used for serious intra abdominal and urinary tract infections |
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what are carbapenems used for? NB given IV |
polymicrobial infections ESBL producingGram – infections |
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what are glycopeptides used for? |
problem G+ infections e.g. MRSA |
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what are aminoglycosides e.g. gentamicin used for? NB given IV important consideration? |
Adjunctto serious systemic sepsis including Pseudomonas true anti-microbial synergy with the B-lactams for IE Group B and enterococcal sepsis Pregnancy Category C (CN VIII) |
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what are macrolides used for? |
atypical agents e.g. Legionnaire's in penicillin allergy STIs e.g. Chlamydia NB QT prolongation with erythromycin |
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what are quinolones used for? |
seriousintra abdominal and urinary tract infections especially if Pseudomonas isinvolved Pregnancy Category C |
