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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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MIC
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minimum inhibitory concentration
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MBC
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minimum bacteriocidal concentration
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quantitative requirement for MBC
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>100 decrease in viable cells after 24 hours
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If the action of the drug can be stopped by removing the drugs it is...?
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bacteristatic
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If the action of the drug cannot be stoppedy by removing the drug it is...?
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bactericidal
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Combination of bacteristatics and bactericidals
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Problem: cidals work by kills growing bacteria and statics inhibit this before cidals can work.
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Cell wall antibiotics
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Fosfomycin
Bacitracin Vancomycin Penicillin |
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Fosfomycin
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Cell wall inhibitor
Inhibits synthesis of peptidoglycan precursor |
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Inhibits synthesis of peptidogylcan precursors
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Fosfomycin
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Bacitracin
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Cell wall inhibitor
Inhibits lipid carrier recycling Topical application only |
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Inhibits lipid carrier for cell wall synth. Topical application only
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Bacitracin
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Vancomycin
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Cell wall inhibitor
Binds to D-Ala-D-Ala and inhibits incorporation into the cell wall. Too big for gm- Important for Staph aureus |
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Binds to D-ala-D-ala to prevent peptidoglycan incorporation
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Vancomycin
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Important for the treatment of methicillin-resistant Staph aureus
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Vancomycin
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Beta-lactams (penicillin)
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Cell wall inhibitor
inhibits crosslinking of peptide chains |
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Active component mimics D-ala-D-ala bond
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Penicillin
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Penicillin resistant to beta lactamases
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methicillin
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inhibits peptid cross linking in cell walls synthesis
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beta-lactams (cidal)
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Polymyxin
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cationic detergent
disrupts cell wall and can kill even nongrowing gram - |
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cationic detergent
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polymyxin
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Antibiotics that affect nucleic acid structure
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Nitrofurantoin
Metronidazole (anerobes only) reduced nitro groups causes DNA cleavage |
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Metronidazole
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anerobes only
reduced nitro group cleaves DNA |
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Nitrofurantoin
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reduced nitro group cleaves DNA
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cleaves DNA afte its nitro group is reduced and only effective in anerobes
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Metronidazole
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Antibiotics affecting DNA synthesis
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Nalidixic acid
Quinolones Fluoroquinoloes Novobiocin |
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quinolones and fluoroquinoloes
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Inhibit DNA gyrase and stop synthesis
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Antibiotics affecting RNA syntehsis
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rifampin
rifabutin bind to beta subunit of RNA poly and block transcription |
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rifampin
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RNA synth inhibitor
binds to beta subunit of RNA polymerase to stop transcription |
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Antibiotics affecting protein synthesis at the 50S subunit
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Chloramphenicol
Azithromcine, clarythiromycin, erythromycin clindamycin and lincomycin |
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Antibiotics affecting protein synthesis at the 30S subunit
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Aminoglycosides
Teratcyclines |
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Chloramphenicol
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Inhibits the 50s subunit
SE: fatal aplastic anemia |
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Blocks both translocation and elongation during peptide synth
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Erythromycin
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Fatal aplastic anemia
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Chloramphenicol
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Act like Chloramphenicol to prevent peptid formation but also dissociates ribosome
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Lincosamides (clindamycin, lincomycin)
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Aminoglycosides
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block 30s subunit and chain initiation
not for anerobes |
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Tertracylines
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inhibit t-RNA biding to 30s subunit
bone seeking not for children or pregnant women |
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bone seeking
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Tetracyclines
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bind irreversilby to 30s subunit but ineffictive under anerobic conditions
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aminoglycosides
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not for use on children and pregnant women
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Tetracylines (bone seeking)
binds 30s subunit |
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Inhibits isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase
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Mupirocin
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Mupirocin
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Inhibits isolucyle-tRNA synthetase
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Antibiotics that effect folate metabolism
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Sulfanomides
Trimethorprim |
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competitive inhibitor of dyhydropterate synthetse
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Sulfanomides
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inhibits dyhydrofolate reductase
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trimethoprim
higher affinity for bacteria than humans |
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isoniazid
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kills rapidly replicating organsims like TB
SE: hepatocellular damage |
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Ethionamide
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TB infection
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