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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Gram-positive Cocci: Staphylococcus and Streptococcus
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Penicillins:
Oxacillin Cloxacillin Dicloxacillin Nafcillin |
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Gram-positive Cocci: Staphylococcus and Streptococcus
With mild penicillin allergy |
First-generation cephalosporins:
Cefazolin Cephalexin Cephradine Cefadroxil |
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Gram-positive Cocci: Staphylococcus and Streptococcus
With severe penicillin allergy |
With severe penicillin allergy
Clindamycin Macrolides (erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin): Used for minor, non-life-threatening infections Vancomycin, Synercid, Linezolid: Used for gram-positive infections with life-threatening allergy to penicillin and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus |
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Gram-negative Bacilli
For E. coli, Proteus, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Morganella, and Pseudomonas, ALL of following provide >90% coverage: |
For E. coli, Proteus, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Morganella, and Pseudomonas, ALL of following provide >90% coverage:
Aminoglycosides (gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin) Aztreonam Quinolones (ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin) Carbapenems (imipenem, meropenem) Extended-spectrum penicillins (piperacillin, ticarcillin, azlocillin, mezlocillin) Third-generation cephalosporins (especially ceftazidime) Fourth-generation cephalosporins (especially cefepime) |
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Second-generation cephalosporins (eg, cefoxitin, cefotetan, cefuroxime)
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Good for gram-positive coverage like first-generation cephalosporins
Good for gram-negative coverage but NOT for Pseudomonas Cefoxitin and cefotetan are good for anaerobes |
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Anaerobes
Oral anaerobes (anything above the diaphragm) |
Oral anaerobes (anything above the diaphragm)
Clindamycin Penicillin (any penicillin EXCEPT the Ox/Clox/Diclox/Naf group) |
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Anaerobes
Abdominal anaerobes (below the diaphragm) |
Abdominal anaerobes (below the diaphragm)
Metronidazole Imipenem Second-generation cephalosporins Beta-lactam/ Beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations |
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Antivirals
Herpes simplex and varicella |
Antivirals
Herpes simplex and varicella Acyclovir, valacyclovir, famciclovir |
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Antivirals
Herpes simplex, and varicella AND Cytomegalovirus |
Antivirals
Herpes simplex, and varicella AND Cytomegalovirus Ganciclovir, foscarnet, cidofovir |
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Antivirals
Influenza Oseltamivir, zanamivir Amantadine, rimantadine: Becoming archaeologic |
Antivirals for Influenza
Oseltamivir, zanamivir Amantadine, rimantadine: Becoming archaeologic |
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Antivirals
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Antivirals
Hepatitis B Lamivudine or interferon |
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Antivirals
Hepatitis C |
Antivirals
Hepatitis C Interferon and ribavirin in combination |
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Antifungals
Life-threatening infections (eg, endocarditis, meningitis, fungemia) |
Antifungals
Life-threatening infections (eg, endocarditis, meningitis, fungemia) |
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Antifungals
Candida infections |
Antifungals
Candida infections Azoles Fluconazole, ketoconazole, itraconazole |
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Antifungals
Onychomycosis |
Antifungals
Terbinafine, itraconazole |
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Central Nervous System Infections
A 48-year-old man comes to the ER with 1 day of fever, headache, nausea. What could this be? The patient also has photophobia and nuchal rigidity (stiff neck) on exam. |
Central Nervous System Infections
A 48-year-old man comes to the ER with 1 day of fever, headache, nausea. What could this be? Meningitis The patient also has photophobia and nuchal rigidity (stiff neck) on exam. |
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Central Nervous System Infections
A 48-year-old man comes to the ER with 1 day of fever, headache, nausea. What could this be? The patient is disoriented confused and lethargic with difficulty thinking. |
Encephalitis
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Central Nervous System Infections
A 48-year-old man comes to the ER with 1 day of fever, headache, nausea. What could this be? The patient has focal neurological deficits found on examination. |
Abscess
The patient has focal neurological deficits found on examination. |
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Which patients require a CT scan of the head BEFORE lumbar puncture?
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Which patients require a CT scan of the head BEFORE lumbar puncture?
Focal findings Papilledema Altered mental status |
