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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the MOA of beta-lactams and what classes are included in there?
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MOA: inhibit bacterial wall synthesis by binding to one or more of the PBPs in the cell wall.
Class: PCN, cephalosporins, carbapenems, monobactams. |
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What is the activity level for natural pencillins and what are the names of the pencillins included in them?
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Limited activity:
- Pencillin V Potassium - Pencillin G Sodium or Pot - Procain pencillin - Benzathine pencillin |
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What organisms do natural pencillins work best against fighting?
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USED prophylactic, mild infections.
- Treponema pallidum (DOC) - enterococci - meningococci |
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What are a.e. of natural pencillins?
hyperkalemia w/ renal dysfunction. |
- Jarish-Herxheimer reaction: due to release of protein by syphillis 1-12 hrs.
- Culprit for drug fever. |
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When administering procaine vs. benzathine what is the advantage:
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- procain: IM Q 12-24 HRS.
- benzathine: IM one time dose last 1-4 wks. |
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What are the different kinds of pencillins?
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- Natural Pencillins
- Extended spectrum - Aminopencillins - Pencillase resistant pencillins. |
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What is the activity level for aminopencillins?
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NARROW
DOC: Strept. pneumoniae and H. influenza (not beta-lactamase producing) |
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What are the classifications for aminopencillins
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Amoxicillin (PO)
Ampicillin (IV/PO) Ampicillin never given PO, give amoxicillin instead. |
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What are the different disease states that aminopencillins can cover?
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- upper respiratory infections (Otitis media)
- urinary tract infections - STDs - prophylaxis for dental producers (H.pylori) |
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What should you worry about with aminopencillins
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- rash w/ patients who have mononucleosis
- c. diff collitis |
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What are some of the pencillase producing enzymes?
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H. influenzae
Anaerobes M. catarrhalis Staph. aureus, saprophyticus, epidermidis enterobacteria (klebsiella, proteus, e.coli, citrobacter) |
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What are the drugs under penicillinase-resistant penicillins?
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- Methicillin
- Nafcillin - Oxacillin - Dicloxacillin - Cloxacillin |
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What is the activity level of pencillase resistant pencillins
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- Narrow
- S. aureus or epidermis, and some strains of strept. - no activity against gram - bacteria. |
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What do pencillinase - resistant pencillins treat?
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- cellulitis and endocarditis
Treat infections caused by staphylococcus. |
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What are the a.e. of
oxacillins nafcillin over effect? |
oxacillin: hepatotoxicity
naficillin: phlebitis Na overload (3.1 mEqNa/gram) TRANSIENT LEUKOPENIA |
