Antiarrhythmics

Front 1

Amiodarone- trade name

Back 1

Cordarone

Front 2

Amiodarone- classification

Back 2

Class III antiarrhythmic

Front 3

Amiodarone- MOA

Back 3

Salons action potential and duration in cardiac tissue through sodium, potassium and calcium channels; blocks A and B adrenergic receptors.

Front 4

Amiodarone- indications

Back 4

Ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, narrow complex tachycardia

Front 5

Amiodarone- contraindications

Back 5

Breastfeeding, bradycardia, high grade heart block, hypersensitivity to the drug

Front 6

Amiodarone- doses

Back 6

150-300 mg

Front 7

Amiodarone- routes

Back 7

IV

Front 8

Amiodarone- adverse effects

Back 8

Hypertension, bradycardia; prolonged PR, QRS and QT

Front 9

Amiodarone- other

Back 9

Constant ECG monitoring, now first line agent in ventricular fibrillation and tachycardia

Front 10

Lidocaine- trade name

Back 10

Xylocaine

Front 11

Lidocaine- classification

Back 11

Class 1B antiarrhythmic local anesthetic

Front 12

Lidocaine- MOA

Back 12

Amide-type local anesthetic; slows depolarization and automaticity

Front 13

Lidocaine- indications

Back 13

Ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation refractory to amiodarone, local anesthetic

Front 14

Lidocaine- contraindications

Back 14

Should not be administered to patients receiving IV calcium channel blockers

Front 15

Lidocaine- doses

Back 15

1.0-1.5 mg/kg

Front 16

Lidocaine- routes

Back 16

IV

Front 17

Lidocaine- adverse effects

Back 17

Drowsiness, slurred speech, confusion, seizures, hypotension

Front 18

Lidocaine- other

Back 18

Usual cost and when administered with other antiarrhythmics

Front 19

Procainamide- trade name

Back 19

Pronestyl

Front 20

Procainamide- classification

Back 20

Class 1A antiarrhythmic; local anesthesia

Front 21

Procainamide- MOA

Back 21

Ester-type local anesthetic; reduces automaticity and AV conduction

Front 22

Procainamide- indications

Back 22

Ventricular tachycardia with pulse, pre-excited atrial fibrillation

Front 23

Procainamide- contraindications

Back 23

Should not be administered to patients receiving IV calcium channel blockers

Front 24

Procainamide- doses

Back 24

20-50 mg/min

Front 25

Procainamide- routes

Back 25

IV

Front 26

Procainamide- adverse effects

Back 26

Drowsiness, slurred speech, confusion, seizures, hypotension

Front 27

Procainamide- other

Back 27

Carefully monitor ECG (QRS duration) during Administration

Front 28

Phenytoin- trade name

Back 28

Dilantin

Front 29

Phenytoin- classification

Back 29

Class 1B antiarrhythmic; anticonvulsant

Front 30

Phenytoin- MOA

Back 30

Depresses automaticity and AV conduction; reduces voltage and spread of electrical discharges in motor cortex

Front 31

Phenytoin- indications

Back 31

Life-threatening arrhythmias from digitalis toxicity, seizures

Front 32

Phenytoin- contraindications

Back 32

Bradycardia, high grade heart block, hypersensitivity to the drug

Front 33

Phenytoin- doses

Back 33

15-18 mg/kg

Front 34

Phenytoin- routes

Back 34

IV

Front 35

Phenytoin- adverse effects

Back 35

Drowsiness, dizziness, headache, hypotension, arrhythmias, nausea, vomiting

Front 36

Phenytoin- other

Back 36

For phenytoin is preferred for seizure management

Front 37

Adenosine- trade name

Back 37

Adenocard

Front 38

Adenosine- classification

Back 38

Nucleoside

Front 39

Adenosine- MOA

Back 39

Slows AV conduction; short half-life

Front 40

Adenosine- indications

Back 40

Supraventricular tachyarrhythmias

Front 41

Adenosine- contraindications

Back 41

Atrial fibrillation, torsades des Pointes, atrial fibrillation

Front 42

Adenosine- doses

Back 42

6 mg

Front 43

Adenosine- routes

Back 43

IV

Front 44

Adenosine- adverse effects

Back 44

Facial flushing, headache, chest pain, nausea

Front 45

Adenosine- other

Back 45

Should be given by rapid IV push followed by saline bolus, arrhythmias common following Administration

Front 46

Esmolol- trade name

Back 46

Brevibloc

Front 47

Esmolol- classification

Back 47

Class III antiarrhythmic; beta-blocker

Front 48

Esmolol- MOA

Back 48

Slows heart rate through selective blockade of B1 receptors; short half-life

Front 49

Esmolol- indications

Back 49

Tachycardia

Front 50

Esmolol- contraindications

Back 50

Asthma, heart block, bradycardia, cardiogenic shock

Front 51

Esmolol- doses

Back 51

50-100 mcg/kg/min

Front 52

Esmolol- routes

Back 52

IV

Front 53

Esmolol- adverse effects

Back 53

Bradycardia, hypotension, congestive heart failure, lethargy

Front 54

Esmolol- other

Back 54

Hypotension is common but dose-related, should not be administered to patients receiving IV calcium channel blockers

Front 55

Labetalol- trade name

Back 55

Tran date, Normodyne

Front 56

Labetalol- Classification

Back 56

Class II antiarrhythmic; beta-blocker

Front 57

Labetalol- MOA

Back 57

Lowers blood pressure through non selective blockade of B receptors and limited blockade of A2 receptors

Front 58

Labetalol- indications

Back 58

Hypertensive emergency

Front 59

Labetalol- contraindications

Back 59

Asthma, heart block, bradycardia, cardiogenic shock

Front 60

Labetalol- doses

Back 60

10-20 mg

Front 61

Labetalol- routes

Back 61

IV, PO

Front 62

Labetalol- adverse effects

Back 62

Bradycardia, hypotension, congestive heart failure, lethargy

Front 63

Labetalol- other

Back 63

Should not be administered to patients receiving IV calcium channel blockers

Front 64

Diltiazem- trade name

Back 64

Cardizem

Front 65

Diltiazem- classification

Back 65

Class IV antiarrhythmic calcium channel blocker

Front 66

Diltiazem- indications

Back 66

Lowers blood pressure by relaxing vascular smooth muscle; slows AV conduction

Front 67

Diltiazem- indications

Back 67

Rapid ventricular rate associated with atrial fibrillation, stable narrow complex tachyarrhythmias

Front 68

Diltiazem- contraindications

Back 68

Hypotension, congestive heart failure, cardiogenic shock, wide-complex ventricular tachycardia

Front 69

Diltiazem- doses

Back 69

15-20 mg

Front 70

Diltiazem- routes

Back 70

IV

Front 71

Diltiazem- adverse effects

Back 71

Nausea, vomiting, dizziness, headache, hypotension

Front 72

Diltiazem- other

Back 72

Can be given as IV bolus or IV infusion, calcium chloride can reverse some of the untoward effects

Front 73

Magnesium Sulfate- classification

Back 73

Mineral/electrolyte

Front 74

Magnesium Sulfate- indications

Back 74

Torsades des Pointes, asthma, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy

Front 75

Magnesium Sulfate- MOA

Back 75

Physiologic calcium channel blocker; bronchodilator

Front 76

Magnesium Sulfate- contraindications

Back 76

High -degree heart blocks, shock, dialysis, hypocalcemia

Front 77

Magnesium Sulfate- doses

Back 77

1-2 g

Front 78

Magnesium Sulfate- routes

Back 78

IV

Front 79

Magnesium Sulfate- adverse effects

Back 79

Flushing, sweating, bradycardia, respiratory depression, hypothermia

Front 80

Magnesium Sulfate- other

Back 80

Can cause cardiac conduction problems in conjunction with digitalis